ENR 25.00 Vocabulary

Terms in this set (60)

Consumers that eat both plants and animals.

Consumes great varieties of food.

hidden; undercover

Amount of water in animal bodies

most animals bodies 60-80% water

importance of water for animals

blood composition, temp regulation, and nutrient transport

Reproductive systems with external fertilization are most common in

water salinity types

a) Freshwater - bass, bream, tilapia, bullfrog
b) Saltwater - clam, kuruma shrimp, lobster, oyster
c) Brackish water - blue crab, sea bass, striped mullet, giant tiger shrimp

water temperatures

a) Cold - 38 - 58°F - brown trout, rainbow trout, salmon
b) Warm - 73 - 86°F - channel catfish, largemouth bass, carp
c) Cool - between the cold and warm temperatures - pike, eel, yellow perch
d) Most cold water species cannot survive in water above 68°F.

a) Varies from rapidly flowing mountain streams to slow-moving rivers and
non-flowing lakes and oceans
b) Non-flowing bodies of water have internal movement caused by temperature
variations and other charge

amphibious animal

can live on land and in the water

lives largely in or near water

I have webbed feet or long legs. I can find my food in water or on land. I eat plants, invertebrates, or fish. What am I?

swimming birds that live in water habitats

bird that stands in water searching for its food

typically spend lives in water, but occasionally leave the water for food or protection

terrestrial animal

animal that lives on the land

1. Ground layer of leaves and twigs is a good habitat for insects, rabbits and
other species.
2. Dead trees - habitat for woodpeckers, owls, hawks and wood ducks;
foxes or chipmunks may use the decaying base as a den.

variety of plants that include shrubs trees, vines

location where two habitats meet

game refuges are lands set aside for the protection of wildlife species

habitat development and improvement

habitat development and improvement occurs when the habitat is developed and managed for maximum benefit to wildlife.

woodland management

not using woodland for grazing will increase game population

coordination with other resources

a. Managing the wildlife in coordination or harmony with other resources
b. An example is a farmer managing the soil properly to grow crops, leaving some for the wildlife to eat.

hunting regulations

a. Hunting must be managed to control wildlife population.
b. Some procedures are bag limits, hunting seasons and closed seasons.
c. Too much wildlife (overpopulation) can cause too much competition for habitat.
d. Too much harvesting can cause an under-population.

predator control

a. Involves controlling the predators of the game, rather than the game itself.
b. Predators can keep the game healthier.
c. Predators also maintain an improved game population by removing the weak or
handicapped animals.

artificial stocking

a. involves bringing animals into an area

introduction of exotics

b. can involve bringing animals natural to the area or introducing a new species to an area which is called "introduction of exotics"]

population density

refers to the number of game animals in a defined area

carrying capacity

the amount of game for which a given are will provide the essentials for life

Lacey Act of 1900

the first major law affecting wildlife; made it a federal offense to transport illegally taken wildlife across state boundaries

Migratory Bird Act of 1929

provided refuges for migratory birds

Endangered Species Act of 1966

gave the authority of protecting rare and endangered species to the Fish and Wildlife Service.

Actions that have led to wildlife population problems

a.Taking animals faster they can reproduce 1)Fur bearing animals
2) Bison
b. Killing animals because they appeared hostile1)
Bear
2)Wildcat
c.Killing animals because they threatened domestic animals;Example: Red-tailed hawk did not eat many domestic animals anyway

a species that no longer common and is in danger of becoming extinct

a species that is no longer common and is in danger of becoming extinct

a species that faces serious dangers and likely to become endangered

a species that exists in small numbers

natural extinction

the gradual changes in a species or its environment that lead to extinction

the natural change of an organism into another species

natural selection

occurs when some species or members of a species survive and others do not.

direct wildlife endangerment

any action against wildlife that endangers it

predator controlled

an example is the killing of wolves that attack livestock

wildlife over exploitation

the taking of excessive amounts of wildlife for food sport
c. sport hunting

indirect endangerment

the unintentional destruction of wildlife habitat or environmental hazards

Endangered Species Conservation Act

1) Passed in 1966; amended in 1969 to protect fish and wildlife worldwide
2) Act called for the protection and conservation of species of native fish known to
be threatened with extinction
3) Amendment dealt with the importation of endangered species in the U.S. from
anywhere in the world.

Threatened and Endangered Species System

1) 2)
Provided by the United States Fisheries and Wildlife Service
Is a summary of the status of all threatened and endangered species worldwide.

Reptile and Amphibian Research and Conservation

a) Work included surveys of many of the 35 species of salamanders that inhabit the Appalachian region.
b) Also included surveying Bog Turtle habitats in the western part of the state

Western Region Bird and Mammal monitoring program

Western Region Bird and Mammal monitoring program is a three-year program to monitor selected birds and mammals in Western North Carolina. Monitoring
determines the current wildlife situation.

North Carolina Partners in Flight

North Carolina Partners in flight does many things, but notably it maintains a
website, training citizens to appreciate and monitor birds, and to identify birds.

Beach Nesting Bird Reproductive Success in North Carolina

a) Because of dramatic declines in levels of general species of beach nesting birds, this project will monitor nesting numbers and determine reproductive success.
b) It provides assistance to people for stabilizing declining beach nesting sites.

NC Wildlife Resources Commission

provides assistance to landowners in
monitoring habitat of bog turtles and salamanders in addition to many other responsibilities.

Migratory Bird Treaty Act

placed all migratory birds under the protection of the federal government.

Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act

provided for research to study the needs of wildlife.

Endangered Species Act

provided for the classification of endangered and threatened wildlife.

Conservation Reserve Program

provided for areas of wildlife habitat on farms near cropland.

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