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History Final Questions and Terms

Terms in this set (101)

This plan advocated representation in the Congress be based on population
Virginia Plan
Drew a line along the crest of the Appalachians that the colonists could not cross
Proclamation of 1763
Said that representation in Congress should be equal among states
New Jersey Plan
Tax on most printed materials in the colonies
Stamp Act
First permanente English Colony in North America; proved profitable through the cultivation of tobacco
Virginia
All of the following were true of Cortes' interaction with the Aztec people except:
True:
The Aztecs welcomed Cortes and his men because they believed they were gods
Cortes conquered the Aztecs fairly easily
Cortes and his men brought diseases with them that caused many Aztecs to die
False:
The Aztecs eventually captured Cortes and killed him but it was too late; their empire was nearly destroyed
Which statement best describes the Southern Colonies?
They had plantation economy that relied on slave labor
This colonial region had many Puritans who came to America to have religious freedom for Puritans
New England Colonies
Which of the following was NOT a cause of the French and Indian War?
Was:
Colonists' expansionist philosophy
Fur trade
France and England both claiming land in the Ohio River Valley
Was Not:
Fear of Native Americans' religious influence
The French and Indian War was a fight between the ... and the ....
British and French
All of the following resulted from the Treaty of Paris of 1763 (French and Indian War peace treaty) EXCEPT?
Did result:
France gave up their claim to the Ohio River Valley and Canada
Spain surrendered Florida to Britain
France gave Spain their lands west of the Mississippi
Didn't result:
Britain recognized the colonies as free and independent states
As the war of independence began, Britain had the advantage of....
Overwhelming national wealth and naval power
The Great Compromise...
Successfully split the differences concerning representation
A key publication, written by Thomas Paine, that influenced many colonists to support the independence movement and sign the Declaration of Independence was the....
Common sense
This concept makes sure that one branch of the government cannot attain too much power over the other two branches
Separation of powers
After the Constitution was written and on the road to being ratified by each state, two factions developed within the country. The ... supported the ratification of the Constitution while the ... did not support its ratification
Federalists, Anti-Federalists
In order to get te Constitution ratified, the ... was added to protect individual rights
Bill of Rights
1st amendment
Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, the press
2nd amendment
The right to bear arms
3rd amendment
No quartering of troops in citizens' homes
4th amendment
No unreasonable searches and seizures
5th amendment
The right to avoid self incrimination; no double jeopardy
6th amendment
The right to a speedy and fair trial
7th amendment
The right to trial a jury
8th amendment
No cruel and unusual punishment
9th amendment
There are rights not specified in the Constitution
10th amendment
Any power not given to the federal government, rests with the states
Thomas Jefferson
Secretary of State
Alexander Hamilton
Secretary of Treasury
Henry Knox
Secretary of War
Tenskwatawa called for Native American people's to...
Completely reject European culture
By the end of the 1790's, the Miami, Delaware and Shawnee were forced to accept United States expansion into...
Ohio River Valley
The Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 started when te federal government....
Passed a law that placed s tax on whiskey
All of the following were beliefs of George Washington except...
Were:
Washington believed the United States should avoid alliances with foreign countries
Washington believed the federal government was supreme and states could not ignore laws that had been properly made
Washington believed the United States was in part successful because God looked favorably upon the American people
Weren't:
Washington was a strong supporter of political parties because they made America strong
Alexander Hamilton's financial program for the economic development of the United States favored...
The wealthy
Those who opposed the establishment of a National Bank argued...
The bank unconstitutional
The Election of 1800 is called the Revolution of 1800 because...
It was the first peaceful transfer of power from one political party to another
The Judiciary Act of 1789
Created the structure for federal court system
Democratic Republican: supported a tariff in order to generate money and reduce the national debt
True
Democratic Republican: opposed the Whiskey Excise tax
False
Democratic Republican: oppose the establishment of a National Bank
False
Democratic Republican: opposed the French Revolution
True
Democratic Republican: had a strict interpretation of the Constitution
False
Democratic Republican: had a loose interpretation of the Constitution
True
.... won the presidential election of 1824
John Quincy Adams
What can explain the unconventional election results of 1824?
The popular candidate did not receive 51% of the electoral college therefor the House of Representatives voted
How would you best describe the process of nullification?
It is a theory of constitutional review that give power to the states stating that the constitution has power in the first place because of a compact between the states
In dealing with South Carolina's refusal to enforce federal tariffs:
Jackson, in enforcing a federal mandate, superseded nullification with federal authority
The war of 1812 was between ... and ...
The British; the United states
All of the following were causes of the war of 1812 EXCEPT:
Were:
The British interrupted United States shipping efforts to Europe
The Chesapeake incident
Were not:
The French were preparing to reinstate aggressive colonial policies on the United States
How did Jefferson attempt to avoid military conflict with Great Britain?
Restricting foreign trade
What was the impact of the Embargo Act of 1807 and the Non- Intercourse Act of 1809?
The American economy was negatively impacted
What was significant about the treaty of Ghent?
It returned the nation to pre-war conditions
Macon's Bill #2
Permitted trade will all nation but promised that if either Britain or France listed its commercial restrictions on American trade, the United States would stop trading with the other
Before leaving the presidency Washington advised the country to follow a policy of ... in their affairs with other countries
Neutrality
Being the first prescindente of the United States
M Washington left all the following precedents EXCEPT:
Did leave:
2-term limit
The idea of a panel of advisors called the cabinet
The authority to quell rebellion
Didn't leave: support for foreign alliances
The Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 protested...
A tax on whiskey
The Whiskey Rebellion was significant because...
It made clear the federal government would enforce its laws under the new structure of government
President Jackson gets elected to be President due to all the following EXCEPT...
His strong Federalist beliefs
In McCullough v Maryland, the Supreme Court declared that...
A state cannot tax an agency of the federal government
Why did the Supreme Court decisions in McCullough v Maryland and Dartmouth College v Woodward upset Republicans?
They saw the decisions as an attack on state popular authority
The greatest significance of the Supreme Court's decision in Marburg v Madison was that it...
Claimed for the first time that the Supreme Court could declare an act of congress to be unconstitutional
In interpreting the Constitution, John Marshall...
Favored a loose interpretation of the constitution
South Carolina
The first state to secede from the union
Kansas-Nebraska Act
This act caused the bloody conflict that foreshadowed the fighting over slave and free territory in the civil war
John Brown's Raid
Attempt by a northern abolitionists to lead a slave revolt I the South
In coining the phrase "manifest destiny" journalist John L. O'Sullivan meant that...
It was the destiny of America to over spread the continent
All of the following were causes of the Mexican war EXCEPT:
Were:
American desire for California
United States annexation of the formerly Mexican-held republic of Texas
The disputed southern boundary of Texas
Weren't:
Mexican desire to annex Louisiana
One important result of the Mexican war was...
The Rio Grande became the American-Mexican border
The treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo:
Resulted in Mexico ceding New Mexico and California to the United States for 15 million dollars
President Johnson's Reconstruction plan for re-admitting southern states included all of these EXCEPT:
Included:
Requiring verbal oath of allegiance to the union
Requiring new state constitutions to be written
Requiring states to repeal their acts of secession
Weren't included:
Requiring the south take active steps to protect black citizenship and voting rights
The radical republican congress' objectives for reconstruction included all the following EXCEPT:
Included:
Securing rights for freed slaves
Punishing the south for secession and the civil war
Attempting to strengthen the Republican Party in the south
Weren't included:
Permitting former southern leaders to return to their leadership positions and get their land back
The 15th amendment...
Guaranteed the right to vote for freed slaves to vote
Which statement he's summarizes the outcome of the election of 1876?
The Democratic south exchanged the presidency in favor of control state governments and the removal of a northern military presence in the south
Jim Crow laws like grandfather clauses and poll taxes were used to...
Deny blacks their right to vote
The compromise of 1850 included all of the following EXCEPT:
Included:
Utah and New Mexico territories would use popular sovereignty to determine their slave/free status
Fugitive slave act
Slave trade was abolished in Washington DC
Weren't included:
California is admitted as a slave state
The Missouri Compromise said that Missouri would be admitted as a slave state, Maine would be admitted as a free state, and...
All of the Louisiana territory north of 36 30' with the exception of Missouri would be closed to slavery
In issuing the emancipation proclamation, one of Lincoln's goals was to...
Keep Britain and France from intervening on the side of the Confederacy
Lincoln won the 1860 presidential election primarily because...
He gathered overwhelming support in the highly populated northern states while his three opponents dived the anti-Lincoln vote in the north, south and west
The fugitive slave law...
Require the return of escaped slaves to their owners in slave states/ territories
Popular sovereignty is the...
Ideal that every new territory should have the freedom to decide the slavery issue on their own
Great strike of 1877
First national strike by railroad workers that began on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroads and even spread to San Francisco and was put down by President Hayes
Homestead Strike of 1892
Steel workers strike against Carnegie's steel company whose pay had been cut. They were locked out by security guards and replaced with scan labor
Pullman strike of 1894
Striking of railroad sleeping car workers whose union strike and violence was put down by President Cleveland with United States troops
Knights of Labor
Open to all workers, this union advocated "equal pay for equal work" and pushed for an eight hour work day; union decline after failed strikes hurt membership
Haymarket affair of 1886
This demonstration to protest the death of union workers resulted in bombones that killed 8 police and led many people to believe unions encouraged "radicals", some found guilty were hanged
American Federation of Labor
Union organized around "skilled workers" that is still around today
Vertical integration
The strategy of growing a company by taking control of each step in the production and distribution of a product, from acquiring materials to manufacturing, packaging, and shipping
Rockefeller created a "monopoly" by having a 85% share of this industry
Oil
"Scab" laborers are best described as workers who...
Are hired by owners to replace union workers so as to break union strikes
Social Darwinism
Many of the industrialists in the late 1800s applied the theory of the "survival of the fittest" to defend their growing wealth
All of the following contributed to the rapid industrialization of the North EXCEPT:
Did:
Growth of railroads
Gold, silver, and coal mines offered a lot of jobs
Large labor force including influx of immigrants
Didn't:
Increased farming
Between 1865 and 1900, which of the following characterized big business?
They demanded that government end immigration
The New Immigration between the 1870s and-1900 was made up primarily of...
People from Southern and Eastern Europe
Which of the following was a goal of the Populist Party?
Free coinage of silver
Yellow Brick Road
Represented the gold standard
Scarecrow
Represented the farmers
Tin Man
Represented the industrial workers and the captains of the industry
The Wizard
Represented the president
The Lion
Represented William Jennings Bryan and his reputation for being "all bark and no bite"
Emerald city
Represents Washington DC, the capital, where the president lives
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