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4250A Week 8 Road Traffic Accidents

Terms in this set (33)

What age group has the highest % of road traffic accidents, and what is this percent
Ages 15-44 years old. Has 48% of all road traffic deaths globally.
In 2013, how many road traffic deaths were there globally per year?
1.25 million
Which age group has road traffic accidents as the number one cause of death?
Ages 15-29 years old
Which gender under 25 years is more likely to have die in road traffic accidents, and by how much?
Males under 25 are 3 times more likely to die than females under 25.
What percent of road traffic deaths are in low/middle income countries? What percent of vehicles of the world's registered vehicles do they have?
90% of all deaths. Only 54% of world's registered vehicles.
Define vulnerable road users, and what portion of all road traffic deaths are thy victim of?
Basically anyone but car drivers: pedestrians, cyclists, passengers in car. They are half of total traffic deaths worldwide.
List the 7 things that contribute to road traffic accidents globally.
1) Speed and road traffic injuries 2) Alcohol and driving 3) Helmets for motorized vehicles 4) Seat belts 5) Infant/child booster seats 6) Good quality emergency response 7) Vehicle safety standards
How many countries have best practice road speed laws and what percent of global population is this? What is the national urban maximum speed?
47 countries, 13% of global population, 50km/hr
What BAC causes very high risk of traffic accidents? What BAC does WHO recommend for young or beginner drivers?
BAC 0.05 g/dl increases risk. WHO recommends 0.02 g/dl.
How many countries meet the best practices for drink and driving? How many people is that?
34 countries, 1.2 billion people
How much can helmets for motorized vehicles decrease risk of death? decrease risk of severe injury? How many countries have motorcycle helmet laws/ best practices?
Reduce risk death by 40%, reduce severe injury by 70%. 44 countries
What are the best practices for motorcycle helmets (4)
1) all roads and engine types 2) drivers and passengers 3) helmet must be fastened 4) specific helmet standards met
How much do seat-belts reduce risk of death for front seat passengers? rear seat?
Front seat- 40-65%. Rear seat 25-75%
How many countries have laws that meet best practices for front and rear seat seat-belt best practices and what % of population is this?
105 countries, 67% of global population
How much can infant/child boosters reduce risk of child death in crash? How many countries have a child restraint/cars law? How many countries' laws meet best practice?
Can reduce death by 50-80%. More than half of countries. 53 meet best practice guidelines.
What are the best practices (5) for child infant/child/booster seats?
1) age/height/weight restrictions on child and front seat 2) age/height/weight restrictions child restraint law 3) Infants and new borns in rear-facing car seat 4) Hospitals should check before parents go home 5) Police ensure proper installation
How many countries have universal access/dispatch existing for emergency response?
116 countries
How many UN key regulations for safe vehicles are there? How many countries have adopted these? How many of those countries are high-income countries?
7; 40 countries; 35 countries
2011-2020 is what UN goal re: traffic. what does UN's SDG stand for
UN decade for road safety. UN sustainable development goals.
What is SDG Goal 3. What specifically is goal 3.6?
Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages: By 2020, halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents
What is SDG Goal 11. What specifically is goal 11.2?
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible, and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations.
Without action, road traffics crashes will be the ___th leading cause of death by 2030
7th
In Canada, what percent of deaths in traffic accidents are the: driver; passenger; motorcyclists; pedestrians. What portion of Canadian road deaths related to cars?
48%; 19%; 8%; 16%; 2/3
Trend of reported road traffic deaths in Canada from 2003 to 2012 is?(increasing/decreasing/plateauing)
Decreasing, but slight increase from 2011 to 2012
What is estimated Canadian GDP lost due to road traffic crashes? What are examples of these losses?
1.9% lost. Lost time at work, litigation costs, costs to first response and health care system
What are maximum Canadian speed limit laws in: urban; rural; motorway?
50 km/h; 50-110km/h; 80-110km/h
What is Canadian BAC limit for general driver population? Young or novice drivers? What % of road traffic deaths involve alcohol?
0.04-0.08; 0.00-0.08; 34%
What do Canadian motor cycle laws require (3) and what is helmet wearing rate for all motorcycle riders (in CAN)?
1) Applies to both drivers and passengers 2) Must be fastened 3) Must meet safety standards. 95%
What is Canadian seat belt wearing rate for: front seat? rear seat?
96%. 89%
What percentage of children use child restraints when driving?
77%
What changed from Ontario 2009 distracted driving ban to March 2014?
2009: $155 fine and no demerit points. 2014's Keeping Ontario's Road Safe Act: increase fines from 60-$500 to $300-$1,000 and 3 demerit points
What also complemented (occurred) with 2009 Ontario distracted driving law? (3)
1) Ministry of transport: iDrive Program to target youth 2) Distribution of posters and brochures across Ontario 3) Road signs to remind drivers of laws
What were main points of article: Distracted Driving, A Major Preventable Cause of Motor Vehicle Collisions: "Just Hang Up and Drive"
Make distracted driving "uncool" the way that drinking and driving changed in social norms. Use examples from MADD and their campaigns. Teens should have educational campaigns, but also see the consequences of distracted driving. Must find creative ways to tackle this issue.
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