Absolute Monarchy in France

King Louis XIV
Louis XIV (1638 -1715), known as the Sun King, was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France from 1643 until his death. In this age of absolutism in Europe, Louis XIV's France was a leader in the growing centralization of power.

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Terms in this set (25)

S,P,R & E because his reign was very influental to these four categories
HS- Louis XIV was the longest ruling absolute monarch in Europe, and one of the best examples of an Absolute Monarch

Image: King Louis XIV
Louis XIV (1638 -1715), known as the Sun King, was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France from 1643 until his death. In this age of absolutism in Europe, Louis XIV's France was a leader in the growing centralization of power.

Versailles
The Palace of Versailles, is a royal chateau in Versailles in France. Versailles was the seat of political power in the Kingdom of France from 1682, when Louis XIV moved the royal court from Paris, until the royal family was forced to return to the capital in October 1789. Versailles is therefore famous not only as a building, but as a symbol of the system of absolute monarchy

S,P & E because it affected these categories
HS- Versailles was the home to Louis XIV, he ruled France from the palace, the building of Versailles caused France to become bankrupt.

Image: Versailles
The Palace of Versailles, is a royal chateau in Versailles in France. Versailles was the seat of political power in the Kingdom of France from 1682, when Louis XIV moved the royal court from Paris, until the royal family was forced to return to the capital in October 1789. Versailles is therefore famous not only as a building, but as a symbol of the system of absolute monarchy

Brain Drain
In 1685, Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes and declared Protestantism to be illegal in the Edict of Fontainebleau. After this, many Huguenots fled to surrounding Protestant countries. Many Huguenots and their descendants prospered. The exodus of Huguenots from France created a brain drain, The loss of this technical expertise was a blow from which the kingdom did not fully recover for many years

S & E because it affected the people and economy
HS-the brain drain caused many merchants and craftsmen to leave France, which damaged the French Economy

Image: Brain Drain
In 1685, Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes and declared Protestantism to be illegal in the Edict of Fontainebleau. After this, many Huguenots fled to surrounding Protestant countries. Many Huguenots and their descendants prospered. The exodus of Huguenots from France created a brain drain, The loss of this technical expertise was a blow from which the kingdom did not fully recover for many years

The Fronde
The Fronde was a series of civil wars in France between 1648 and 1653, occurring in the midst of the Franco-Spanish War, which had begun in 1635.

S & P because it affected the social hierarchy and politics
HS- These battles were the attempts of the Nobility to decrease the Power of the Monarchy

Image: The Fronde
The Fronde was a series of civil wars in France between 1648 and 1653, occurring in the midst of the Franco-Spanish War, which had begun in 1635.

French Wars of Religion
The French Wars of Religion, or Huguenot Wars of the 16th century, are names for a period of civil infighting, military operations and religious war primarily fought between Roman Catholics and Huguenots in the Kingdom of France

S,P, & R because the wars influenced these things
HS-The wars of Religion were mainly between Catholics and Protestants, as a result of the oppression of the Huguenots.

Image: French Wars of Religion
The French Wars of Religion, or Huguenot Wars of the 16th century, are names for a period of civil infighting, military operations and religious war primarily fought between Roman Catholics and Huguenots in the Kingdom of France

Divine Right
The divine right of kings, or divine-right theory of kingship, is a political and religious doctrine of royal and political legitimacy. It asserts that a monarch is subject to no earthly authority, deriving his right to rule directly from the will of God.

P because it involves the monarchy
HS- absolute monarchs got their power from divine right, because God gave them this power.

Image: Divine Right
The divine right of kings, or divine-right theory of kingship, is a political and religious doctrine of royal and political legitimacy. It asserts that a monarch is subject to no earthly authority, deriving his right to rule directly from the will of God.

Centralized State
A centralized government is one in which power or legal authority is exerted or coordinated by a de facto political executive to which federal states, local authorities, and smaller units are considered subject. In a national context, centralization occurs in the transfer of power to a typically sovereign nation state.

P because it involved the type of government
HS- the Monarch is the only ruler, this is the type of government some Absolute Monarchies have.

Image: Centralized State
A centralized government is one in which power or legal authority is exerted or coordinated by a de facto political executive to which federal states, local authorities, and smaller units are considered subject. In a national context, centralization occurs in the transfer of power to a typically sovereign nation state.

Maria Theresa of Spain
Her marriage in 1660 with King Louis XIV was made with the purpose to end the long-standing war between France and Spain.

P because she married for peace
HS- she was the wife of Louis XIV who stabilized the relationship of France and Spain

Image: Maria Theresa of Spain
Her marriage in 1660 with King Louis XIV was made with the purpose to end the long-standing war between France and Spain.

King Louis XVI
Louis XVI (1754 -1793), was King of France from 1774 until his deposition in 1792, although his formal title after 1791 was King of the French. He was guillotined on 21 January 1793. His father, Louis, Dauphin of France, was the son and heir apparent of Louis XV of France, but his father died in 1765, and Louis succeeded his grandfather as king in 1774

S,P,R & E because his reign influenced these asspects
HS- King of France during the French Revolution, one of the last absolute monarchs in France.

Image: King Louis XVI
Louis XVI (1754 -1793), was King of France from 1774 until his deposition in 1792, although his formal title after 1791 was King of the French. He was guillotined on 21 January 1793. His father, Louis, Dauphin of France, was the son and heir apparent of Louis XV of France, but his father died in 1765, and Louis succeeded his grandfather as king in 1774

Marie Antoinette
Marie Antoinette ( 1755 -1793), was the last Queen of France prior to the French Revolution. In April 1770, upon her marriage to Louis, heir apparent to the French throne. On 10 May 1774, when her husband ascended the throne as Louis XVI, she became Queen of France and Navarre, a title she held until September 1791.

P because she ruled along with lois xvi
HS- she ruled beside Louis XVI, the common people hated them which was part of the reason of the french revolution

Image: Marie Antoinette
Marie Antoinette ( 1755 -1793), was the last Queen of France prior to the French Revolution. In April 1770, upon her marriage to Louis, heir apparent to the French throne. On 10 May 1774, when her husband ascended the throne as Louis XVI, she became Queen of France and Navarre, a title she held until September 1791.

Enlightened Absolutism Enlightened absolutism, is a form of absolute monarchy or despotism inspired by the Enlightenment. Enlightened monarchs embrace rationality. Most enlightened monarchs fostered education and allowed religious tolerance, freedom of speech, and the right to hold private property.S & P because it involved the government HS- many subjects in the French Kingdom believed in the new ideas represented in the enlightenment.Edict of Fontainebleau The Edict of Fontainebleau was an edict issued by Louis XIV of France, also known as the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes. The Edict of Nantes had granted the Huguenots the right to practice their religion without persecution from the stateS & R because it repressed a religion socially HS-This took away the rights of the French HuguenotsEdict of Nantes The Edict of Nantes signed by King Henry IV of France, granted the Calvinist Protestants of France substantial rights in the nation, which was still considered essentially Catholic at the time. In the edict, Henry aimed primarily to promote civil unity. The edict separated civil from religious unity, treated some Protestants for the first time as more than mere schismatics and heretics, and opened a path for secularism and toleranceS & R because it gave rights to a religion socially HS- this have the french Huguenots the same rights and protection as CatholicsEstates-General The Estates-General of 1789 was the first meeting since 1614 of the French Estates-General, a general assembly representing the French estates of the realm: the clergy, the nobles, and the common people. Summoned by King Louis XVI to propose solutions to his government's financial problems, the Estates-General sat for several weeks in May and June 1789 but came to an impasse over the first item on the agenda: whether they should vote by estate, giving the first two estates an advantage, which was the King's choice, or vote all together, giving the Third Estate the advantage. It was brought to an end when the Third Estate formed into a National Assembly.P because it was a part of the government HS- this was the base on which the French Revolution started. The Third Estate was tired of being underrepresented so they formed the National assemblyTennis Court Oath On 20 June 1789, the members of the French Estates-General for the Third Estate, who had begun to call themselves the National Assembly, took the Tennis Court Oath, vowing "not to separate, and to reassemble wherever circumstances require, until the constitution of the kingdom is established." It was a pivotal event in the early days of the French Revolution.S & P because it challenges the government and social classes HS- the oath led to the creation of the french constitution.National Assembly During the French Revolution, the National Assembly, which existed from June 13, 1789 to July 9, 1789, was a revolutionary assembly formed by the representatives of the Third Estate of the Estates-General; it was known as the National Constituent Assembly, though popularly the shorter form persisted.P becauseit was a new form of government HS- the new legislative branch in france, which replaced the estates generalMercantilism the economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances, which a government should encourage by means of protectionism.E because this was the economy of france HS-the french economy was set up on mercantile valuesThree Estates The Three Estates refer to the three divisions of French Society, the nobles (first estate), the clergy (second estate), and the commoners (third estate).S because there are three social classes HS-the society was split up into three estates which were treated unequally.Catholicism Catholicism is a term which in its broadest sense refers to the beliefs and practices of Christian denominations that describe themselves as catholic. It commonly reflects traditions of Catholic theology, doctrine, liturgy, ethics, and spiritualityR because it is a religion HS- Catholicism was the national religion of FranceKing Henry IV Henry IV, also known by the epithet "Good King Henry", was King of Navarre from 1572 to 1610 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. He was the first French monarch of the House of Bourbon, a branch of the Capetian dynastyP because he was a political figure HS- he established the Bourbon monarchy in France, and started the absolute monarchy in France.King Louis XIII Louis XIII was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France from 1610 to 1643 and King of Navarre from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crownP because he was a political figure HS- he helped to establish the absolutism in France and paved the way for his son Louis XIV.Cardinal Richelieu Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal-Duke of Richelieu and of Fronsac, commonly referred to as Cardinal Richelieu, was a French clergyman, nobleman, and statesman. He was consecrated as a bishop in 1607 and was appointed Foreign Secretary in 1616P & R because he was a political and religious firgure HS- served as chief minister under the rule of king Louis XIII. he established the french dominance during the 30 years warCardinal Mazarin Jules Raymond Mazarin, Cardinal-Duke of Rethel, Mayenne and Nevers was an Italian cardinal, diplomat, and politician, who served as the Chief Minister to the King of France from 1642 until his death.P & R because he was a political and religious firgure HS- he succeed Richelieu, and served as Chief minister under King Louis XIII and Louis XIVJean-Baptiste Colbert Jean-Baptiste Colbert was a French politician who served as the Minister of Finances of France from 1665 to 1683 under the rule of King Louis XIV. His relentless hard work and thrift made him an esteemed minister.P & E because he was a political and financial adviser HS- He worked hard to try to establish financial stability in franceAbsolute Monarch absolute monarchy definition. Rule by one person — a monarch, usually a king or a queen — whose actions are restricted neither by written law nor by custom; a system different from a constitutional monarchy and from a republic. Absolute monarchy persisted in France until 1789P because this was the type of government which france was set up apon HS- the type of government of France during the selected time period