12 terms
Lesson 2.2 Vocabulary Part 2
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Compound composed of adenosine and three phosphate groups that supplies energy for many biochemical cellular processes
Amino acid
An organic monomer which is a building block of protein; 20 different types.
Dehydration synthesis
A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.
Disaccharide
A double sugar made of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.
Hydrolysis
A chemical process that splits a molecule by adding water.
Macromolecule
A type of giant molecule formed by joining smaller molecules which includes proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Molecule
Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
Monomer
The subunit that serves as the building block of a polymer.
Monosaccharide
A single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar.
Polymer
A long molecule consisting of many repeating molecules linked together.
Polysaccharide
A polymer made up of thousands of simple sugars, formed by dehydration synthesis.
Glucose
A monomer of carbohydrate, simple sugar