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anatomy test 1

Terms in this set (89)

head
Cephalic
forehead
frontal
eye
orbital
ear
otic
nose
nasal
mouth
oris or oral
cheek
buccal
chin
mental
neck
cervical
chest
thoracic
breastbone
sternal
breast
mammary
armpit
axillary
abdomin
abdominal
naval
umbilical
genital
pubis
groin
inguinal
back
dorsum
loin
lumbar
spinal column
vertebral
shoulder
acromial
arm
brachial
forearm
antebrachial
elbow
cubital
front of elbow
ante cubital
wrist
carpal
hand
manual
palm
Metacarpal or Palma
fingers
digital or phalangeal
thumb
pollex
hip
coxal
buttocks
gluteal
thigh
femoral
knee
patellor
back of knee
popliteal
leg
crural
calf
sural
ankle
tarsal
foot
pedal
sole of foot
plantar
heel
calcaneal
toes
digital or phalangeal
big toe
hallux
Anatomy is the study of the _________ of body parts and their relationships to each other, a
structure
pysiology is the study of the __________ of body parts.
function
the study of structures large enough to be seen with the naked eye
Gross (macroscopic) anatomyis
the study of all body structures in a given body region
regional anatomy
the study of all structures in a body system
systematic anatomy
the study of internal body structures as they relate to the overlying skin.
surface anatomy
is the study of structures that are too small to be seen with the naked eye.
microscopic anatomy
the study of individual cells
cytology
the study of tissues.
histology
the study of the change in body structures over the course of a lifetime; embryology focuses on development that occurs before birth.
developmental anatomy
________ is the simplest level of organization
Chemical level
_______________ which are tiny building blocks of matter, combine to form molecules.
atoms
_________________combine in specific ways to form organelles, which are thebasic unit of living cell
molecules
__________is the smallest unit of life,
cellular level
__________ groups of cells having a common function.
tissue level
_________is made up of discrete structuresthat are composed of at least two groups of tissues that work together to perform a specific function in the body
organ level
___________is a group of organs that work closely together to accomplish a specific purpose
organ system level
___________is the total of all structures working together to promote life
Organismal level
_____________s the process of breaking down food into molecules that are usable by the body.
digestion
___________includes all chemical reactions that occur in the body.
metabolism
_____________ is the process of removing wastes
excretion
the process of producing more cells or organisms.
reproduction
ability of the body to maintain a relatively constant internal environment, regardless of environmental changes
homeostatis
___________the regulated factor or event.
variable
___________structure that monitors changes in the environment and sends information to the control center
receptor
__________structure that determines the set point for a variable, analyzes input, and coordinates an appropriate response
control center
____________structure that carries out the response directed by the control center
effector
____________mechanism causes the variable to change in a way thatopposes the initial change
negative feedback
are not related to the maintenance of homeostasis
positive feed back
is a position in which the body is erect, palms face forward, and thumbs point away from the body
anatomical position
____________ region includes the head, neck, and trunk
axial
_________region consists of the upper and lower limbs
appendicular
______________is a vertical plane that separates the body into right and left parts.
saggital
___________lies exactly along the body's midline.
midsaggital
__________ lies offset from the midline.
Parasaggital
a vertical plane that separates the body into anterior and posterior parts
frontal plane
a horizontal plane that runs horizontally from right to left, and divides the body into superior and inferior parts
transverse plane
is a section along the long axis
longitudinal section
or cross section, is a cut made along the transverse plane
transverse section
are cuts made at angles between the horizontal and vertical planes
oblique sections
what would would be considered a regional study?
studying the organs in the upper right quadrant
A lung is located within the
thoracic and pleural cavities
A researcher discovered a new hormone, produced by the body, which lowers blood glucose levels. According to the principles of negative feedback, an effective stimulus for secretion of this hormone would be?
an increase in blood glucose levels.
what best illustrates the least complex level of organization?
hydrogen
The four main elements in the human body are
hydrogen, carbon, oxygen and nitrogen
Which mechanism increases the deviation away from set point or balance in the body?
positive feedback
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