Unit 1 Colonization and Nation Building

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John Smith
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Terms in this set (41)
John Smith
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JamesTown
first permanent English settlement in North America 1607
joint stock company
an association of individuals in a business enterprise with transferable shares of stock
indentured servant
a person who came to America and was placed under contract to work for another over a period of time.
puritan
a member of a group of Protestants that arose in the 16th century within the Church of England
john winthrop
As governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, Winthrop (1588-1649) was instrumental in forming the colony's government and shaping its legislative policy. He envisioned the colony, centered in present-day Boston, as a "city upon a hill" from which Puritans would spread religious righteousness throughout the world.
king phillips war
War between the Native American tribes of New England and British colonists that took place from 1675-1676. The war was the result of tension caused by encroaching white settlers. The chief of the Wampanoags, King Philip lead the natives. The war ended Indian resistance in New England and left a hatred of whites.
william penn
Englishman and Quaker who founded the colony of Pennsylvania (1644-1718)
quakers
a Christian sect founded by George Fox about 1660
mercantilism
an economic system (Europe in 18th C) to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests
navigation actsBritish regulations designed to protect British shipping from competition. Said that British colonies could only import goods if they were shipped on British-owned vessels and at least 3/4 of the crew of the ship were Britishtriangular tradeA three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Aferica sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africamiddle passagethe route in between the western ports of Africa to the Caribbean and southern U.S. that carried the slave tradeenlightmentidea that logic and reason could help in law, society, and governmentben franklinA delegate from Pennsylvania and proposed the "Albany Plan of the Union" as a way to strengthen colonies.great awakeningReligious revival in the American colonies of the eighteenth century during which a number of new Protestant churches were established.johnathan edwardsHelped start great awakening and wrote sinners in the hands of an angry godfrench wara war in North America between France and Britain (both aided by indian tribes)william pittEnglish statesman who brought the Seven Years' War to an end (1708-1778)pontiacfamous chief of the Ottawa who led an unsuccessful rebellion against the British (1715-1769)war of 1763the constant war between english and british vs the empires of french and spainking george 2KIng of England during the fench and indian war.sugar acthalved the duty on foreign made molasses, placed duties on certain imports, and strenghtened the enforcement of the law allowing prosecutors to try smuggling cases in a vice-admiralty courtstamp actan act passed by the British parliment in 1756 that raised revenue from the American colonies by a duty in the form of a stamp required on all newspapers and legal or commercial documentssamuel adamsAmerican Revolutionary leader and patriotboston tea partydemonstration (1773) by citizens of Boston who (disguised as Indians) raided three British ships in Boston harbor and dumped hundreds of chests of tea into the harborjohn lockeEnglish empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)common sensesound practical judgmentdeclaration of independencethe document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britainthomas jefferson3rd President of the United StatesloyalistsAmerican colonists who remained loyal to Britain and opposed the war for independencepatriotsColonists who wanted independence from Britainsaratogaa battle during the American Revolution (1777)valley forgePlace where Washington's army spent the winter of 1777-1778, a 4th of troops died here from disease and malnutriton, Steuben comes and trains troopsinflationa general and progressive increase in pricesmarquis de lafayetteFrench soldier who served under George Washington in the American Revolution (1757-1834)charles cornwalliscommander of the British forces in the American War of Independenceyorktownin 1781 during the American Revolution the British under Cornwallis surrendered after a siege of three weeks by American and French troopsegalitarismthe belief that all people should have equal political, economic, social, and civil rights.boston massacarewhen colonist protested about the britishs doing A fight in boston between the british and colonist over taxes and other rights the colonist wantedtreaty of parisThis treaty ended the Seven Years War