Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

Genetics (Biology)

Terms in this set (28)

Codominance
Situation in which the phenotypes produced by both alleles are completely expressed.
Dominance
The property of a gene (or allele) when it suppresses the expression, or dominates the effects, of the recessive gene (or allele).
Recessive Polygenic
Many genes that are covered since they are recessive.
Genotype
Genetic make-up of an organism.
Phenotype
Physical Characteristics of an organism
Heterozygous
Different
Homozygous
Same
If a heterozygous plant is crossed with a short plant, what percentage of the offspring would you expect to be tall?
50%
Red-Green coloblindness is a sex-linked (X,X/X,Y), recessive (a)trait. What is the probability of Red-Green colorblindness in the offspring of a man who is not colorblind and a woman whose father is colorblind?
A. % of daughters who will be Red-Green colorblind: 0%
B. % of sons who will be Red-Green colorblind: 50%
PKU is a genetic disorder caused by recessive alleles. One parent has PKU and one parent does not have the alleles. Show the Punnet Square to predict the percentage of their children who will have PKU?
0%
Freckles (F) is dominant to no freckles (f). A woman who does not have freckles marries a man who is heterzygous for freckles, What is the probable genotypic ratio of their children?
Two Freckles (50%)
Two Carriers (50%)
How do you read a pedigree chart? Male? Female? Affected? Unaffected?
Square = Male
Circle = Female
Filled-in Square or Circle = Affected
50% shaded in = Carrier
What does the principle of independent assortment state? What does it give us>
Genes for different traits can segregate independently during formation of gametes.
A human baby boy inherits a recessive allele from his mother. In which circumstance would he most likely show the coded for by the recessive allele?
If it is sex-linked.
How would you figure out the possible allele combination for and organism with the genotype BbRr? What are the possible allele combination?
BR, bR, Br, br. (FOIL)
Four O' Clock Flowers show incomplete dominance where RR is a red flower, WW is a white flower, and the heterozygous genotype (RW) is a pink flower. Show a cross between a red flower and a pink flower. What percentage of the offspring would you expect to be pink?
50%
In Guinea Pigs, black coat color (B) is dominant over white color (b) and short hair (S) is dominant over long hair (s). Complete a dihybrid cross for a female guinea pig with genotype BbSs.
Black Short = 10
Black Long = 2
White Short = 3
White Long = 1
Daughter Cells are identical (yes/no)
Mitosis: Yes
Meiosis: No
Asexual or Sexual
Mitosis: Asexual
Meiosis: Sexual
Gives Genetic Diversity (yes/no)
Mitosis: No
Meiosis: Yes
How many daughter cells are formed
Mitosis: 46
Meiosis: 23
Forms gametes or used for growth and repair
Mitosis: Growth and Repair
Meiosis: Forms Gametes
Number of Chromosomes (Same or Half)
Mitosis: Same
Meiosis: Half
What is Cancer?
Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability in which some cells have lost the ability to control their growth.
Where does Meiosis occur?
Meiosis occurs in Reproduction (SEX CELLS)
List and describe the phases of Mitosis
Mitosis: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telephase
A fertilized egg is the first cell of a sexually reproducing organ. What is the name of a fertilized egg
Zygote/Embryo
What is crossing over and why is it important?
Genetic Variation.
Sets with similar terms