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Renaissance

Terms in this set (89)

1300-1600, Renaissance
The years ________________ saw an explosion of creativity in Europe. Historians call this period the _________________.
rebirth, art, learning
Renaissance means ________________ - in this case a rebirth of _________ and ____________.
northern Italy, north
The Renaissance began in ____(2 words)___ around 1300 and later spread __________.
Hundred Years War
One reason northern Europe lagged behind is that France and England were locked in the ____(3 words)____.
Florence, Italy
The birth of the Renaissance is usually associated with ____(2 words)____ and it was there that some of the earliest Renaissance artists and writers worked.
wealth, ability
In Italy, a new type of social order had developed.
It was based on _________ and __________ instead of the aristocratic titles and land ownership of medieval Europe.
secular
Their concern with wealth, goods and pleasure gave them a ____________ outlook on life.
secularism
a concern with the material world instead of the spiritual world
populo grosso, large people
Wealthy merchants and bankers called "___________ ___________" had moved to the top of the social order for a short time. It literally means "__________ __________."
merchants, bankers
The old nobility married into the new class of ______________ and __________ in cities to form a new aristocracy.
patrons
Along with the Pope, these wealthy men became the ___________ of the arts who financially supported artists.
Lorenzo Medici
a member of the Medici banking family in northern Italy who served as a famous patron
populo minuto, small people
Shopkeepers and artisans in Italy formed a new middle class known as "__________ ___________". It literally means "__________ _________."
Florence, Venice, Milan, Rome (Papal States) and Naples
The city-states that dominated the Italian peninsula in the fifteenth century
Florence
first artistic and literary manifestation of the Italian Renaissance appeared here
tax collectors
Florentine families began to dominate European banking as a result of their role as _______ _______________ for the papacy.
Medici family
Florence was dominated by the
___(two words)___.
birthplace of the renaissance
Florence was known as the "___(4 words)___".
Venice
a coastal republic in Italy
exotic pigments, oil painting
Ships from the East brought luxurious, __________ ______________, while traders from Northern Europe imported the new technique of _______ ____________ to Venice.
Milan
different from the other Italian Renaissance city-states in that it was a southern kingdom that was ruled by foreign powers
Milan, Mt. Vesuvius, Pompeii
Few of the Renaissance masters worked in __________- it was famous for ____________________ and ______________.
Spanish
Eventually, Milan ends up in ____________ control.
Rome
home to many examples of classical architecture like the Coliseum.
Pieta
Michaelangelo sculpted his most famous __________ in Rome.
Sistine Chapel
Michaelangelo also painted the ceiling of the ___________ __________ in Rome.
Naples
a landlocked duchy in Italy
Sforza
Naples was controlled by the __________ family.
Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci painted the _________ ___________ in Naples.
humanistic, a stress on man, his talents, and his importance
The Renaissance brought about a ______________ outlook on life - "____(9 words)____".
humanism
the new learning based on Latin classics that made people educated and civilized
Classical Age, Greeks, Romans
Humanists often traced this outlook back to the ___(2 words)___ - the Age of the ___________ and ____________.
Francesco Petrarch
One of the earliest Humanist writers in Florence
Petrarch
"Father of Humanism"
classical studies, ancient manuscripts, Latin
Petrarch promoted a revival of ___________ ___________, collected ___________ ________________ and wrote letters in _________.
Individualism
the emergence of distinctive personalities who gloried in their uniqueness
- people of unusual abilities became self-conscious, aware of their ability to achieve great things
nature
Northern Renaissance artists often depicted ___________ with great detail.
Jan van Eyck
In the north, __________________ pioneered the use of oil-based paint.
secular
Art in the Italian Renaissance was more ____________ and often glorified the human form, as shown by Michelangelo's statue of David.
Erasmus
_____________ was a German Humanist writer.
Greek, Hebrew
Erasmus and some of his colleagues learned __________ and ____________ so that they could understand some of the earliest translations of the Bible.
In Praise of Folly
In his famous work, ___(four words)___, Erasmus questioned such practices as worship of saints and elaborate church rituals.
worship of saints and elaborate church rituals
In his famous work, In Praise of Folly, Erasmus questioned such practices as ___(7 words)____.
Francois Rabelais, comical tales, satires
- ___________ ____________ was a French physician/monk.
- As a Humanist, he wrote __________ ________ and __________.
Gargantua and Pantagruel
Francois Rabelais' two most famous works were adventure stories about giants called ____(3 words)____.
Francois Rabelais
His two most famous works were adventure stories about giants called Gargantua and
Pantagruel.
Rebelais
Using satire, ____________ was able to poke fun at the church, universities of his day and other institutions.
Miguel de Cervantes
_____(name)_____ was a Spanish Humanist who described the end of the Middle Ages, the Age of Knighthood, and chivalry in his novel Don Quixote de la Mancha.
Don Quixote de la Mancha
Miguel de Cervantes was a Spanish Humanist who described the end of the Middle Ages, the Age of Knighthood, and chivalry in his novel ____(book)____.
Thomas More
Perhaps the most famous of the English Humanists was __________ ___________.
Thomas More
He wrote a book called Utopia that described an ideal society.
Utopia
Thomas More wrote a book called ______________ that described an ideal society. When Englishmen read the book they realized the shortcomings in their own society.
Boccaccio
The Italian writer ________________ is best known for the Decameron, a series of stories told by people waiting in a villa to avoid the plague.
Decameron
The Italian writer Boccaccio is best known for the ________________.
Decameron
a series of stories told by people waiting in a villa to avoid the plague written by Boccacio
Baldassare Castiglione
______________ ________________ wrote a book called The Courtier, which taught young men how to be a "Renaissance man".
The Courtier
a book which taught young men how to be a "Renaissance man" written by Baldassare Castiglione
self-control
A Renaissance man would be witty, charming, and well educated in the classics. He should dance, sing, play music, and write poetry. In addition, he should be a skilled rider, wrestler, and swordsman. Above all, he should have _________________.
Niccolo Machiavelli
he was a famous Italian writer who is most famous for his work entitled The Prince.
Niccolo Machiavelli
he basically told rulers how to govern through his book The Prince
the end justifies the means
However, The Prince was not always what people wanted to hear. Machiavelli is interpreted as "___(5 words)____!" He said that rulers should do whatever was necessary to ensure the safety of their states.
drama
The English Renaissance was known for ___________.
William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe
The best known English playwrights were:
(hint: 2 people)
medieval legends, classical mythology and the histories of England and ancient Rome
English playwrights drew their works from:
(hint: 3/4 things)
Renaissance literature
Renaissance art was a reflection of _____________ _____________.
flat, symbolic
During the Middle Ages, artists had used a ____(2 words)____ style of painting.
Florence, Italy
Renaissance painting first developed in ___(two words)___.
Giotto, frescoes, strong emotions
A painter named __________ did a series of _____________ in the early 1300's showing figures that looked like real people with ___________ ____________.
Leonardo da Vinci
He is best known for his "Mona Lisa" and the "Last Supper".
Mona Lisa and the Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci is best known for his:
(hint: 2 things)
personalities, thoughts, feelings, and physical appearances
In both of his works, Leonardo skillfully portrayed peoples':
(hint: 4 things)
Florence
Michelangelo Buonarroti began his career as a sculptor in _____________.
David
Michelangelo Buonarroti did the statue of __________ in Florence.
Michelangelo Buonarroti
He did the statue of David in Florence.
Pope Julius II, Sistine Chapel
___(name)___ hired Michelangelo to paint the ceiling of the __________ __________.
Donatello
he sculpted a bronze statue of David
a bronze statue of David
what did Donatello sculpt?
Raphael Santi
Like Michelangelo, he worked at the Vatican for the Pope. He is most noted for his paintings of the Madonna, portraits of the Virgin Mary and the Christ Child, and for the painting of the School of Athens.
Madonna and School of Athens
Raphael Santi's most noted paintings were:
(two things)
Madonna
Portraits of the Virgin Mary and the Christ Child are called?
Sofonisba Anguissola
the first woman artist to gain an international reputation
Sofonisba Anguissola
she is most famous for her portraits of her sisters and King Phillip II of Spain
her sisters and King Philip II of Spain
Sofonisba Anguissola is most famous for her portraits of:
(hint: 2 things)
Jan and Hubert Van Eyck
In the early 1400's, a group of Flemish painters led by the brothers ___(5 words)___ began painting scenes from the Bible and daily life in sharp, realistic detail.
the Bible and daily life
The brothers Jan and Hubert Van led a Flemish group of painters that began painting scenes from: (hint: 2 things) in sharp, realistic detail.
Dutch, Pieter Bruegel
_________ artists such as ________ ___________ combined Italian technique with the artistic traditions of their homeland.
realistic portraits, landscapes, and scenes of peasant life
The Dutch began painting:
(hint: 3 things)
Albrecht Durer, Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
- ___(name)___ was a German artist who used wood carving as his medium
- he is most famous for his "____(5 words)____."
venacular
the language of the area; local language
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