the basic unit of length
meter
how many cm are in a meter
100 cm
how many mm are in a meter
1000 mm
meters,cm,and mm are measured using
metric ruler or meterstick
the basic unit of mass is a
gram
how many grams in one lb.
453.6 grams
there are how many mg in a gram
1000 mg
how many grams in a kg
1000 grams
how is mass measured
using a triple beam balance
the basic unit of volumes is a
liter
one liter equals about how many quarts
1 qt.
how many mL in a liter
1000 mL
what is density
the mass per unit of a substance
formula for density
Density = mass/volume OR D = m/v
temperature at which water freezes
0 degrees Celsius
temperature at which water boils
100 degrees Celcius
what is matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
what is an element
a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
what is the smallest element that maintains the property of that element
atom
what is a compound
a substance made of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined
what is a molecule
smallest unit of a substance that behaves like that substance
what IS a pure substance
a molecule that has a fixed composition and definite proporties, can be a single element,has chemically combined components
what is a mixture?
a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
mixtures can be separated into what
its components
mixtures are formed by mixing what?
pure substances.
heterogeneous mixture
substances in it are not mixed uniformly and are not evenly distributed
homogeneous mixture
components are equally mixed and are the same throughout
physical properties
very easy to observe,can be observed and measured without changing the composition of matter
examples of physical properties
color,texture,shape,odor,melting point,boiling oint,strength, hardness,electricity,and magnetism
chemical properties describe what
how a property reacts
examples of chemical properties
flammability, reactivity
what is the kinetic theory?
all matter is made of atoms and molecules that act like tiny particles. these particles are ALWAYS in motion. At the same temperature , heavier particles move slower than lighter ones.
particles in a solid are in what position
fixed
solids have a definite what
shape and volume
crystalline solids
have orderly arrangements of atoms and molecules
amorphous solids
no orderly arrangements
particles in a liquid are in what position
closely packed but can slide by each other
liquids can change what
shape
liquids can't change what
volume
liquids have what kind of tension
surface
particles are in what position in a gas
constant state of motion and rarely stick together
what is plasma
a state of matter that starts as a gas then becomes ionized
natural plasmas are
lightning, fire,and the aurora borealis
a change of state involves what
the changing of a substance from one physical form to another
CHANGES IN STATE
CHANGES IN STATE
condensation
from gas to liquid
freezing
from liquid to solid
melting
from solid to liquid
evaporation
from liquid to gas
sublimation
from gas to solid
solubility
the maximum amt. of a solute dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure
concentration
the amt. of solute dissolved in a given volume of solution