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Survey of Exceptional Learners, EDUC 224, LOC

Terms in this set (49)

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
A law that extends civil rights protection to individuals with disabilities in private-sector employment and requires that public accommodations and services like telecommunications and transportation provide barrier-free access to individuals with disabilities
Alexander Graham Bell
A 19th Century teacher of speech to children who were deaf; inventor of the telephone
Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson School District vs. Rowley
Appropriate education does not mean that a student must reach his or her maximum potential, but only that the student has access to educational opportunity.
Civil Rights Movement
1960s movement for social and political equality for African Americans; it provided a model for activists seeking similar rights for people with disabilities
Co-Teaching
Shared instruction of a lesson, subject area, or an entire instructional program.
Collaboration
Professionals working together with a shared purpose in a supportive, mutually beneficial relationship.
Consultation
A means of providing specialized services in the general education classroom whereby the special education teacher observes students with disabilities and provides suggestions to the teacher about adapting instruction or materials to meet students' needs.
Deinstitutionalization
The movement away from housing people with intellectual disabilities in residential institutions and toward integrating them more fully into the community
Diana v. Board of Education
A 1970 California decision that children must be tested in their primary language when special education placement is being considered.
Disability
A limitation, such as difficulty learning to read or inability to see.
Impairment
Lack of range of movement of a body part or limb due to an injury or insult (surgery, etc.)
At Risk
An individual who is currently not identified as having a disability but stands a greater than usual chance of being diagnosed with a disability due to environment, poverty, socioeconomic status, etc.
Early Intervention
A comprehensive set of services provided to children from birth to 3 years, and their families, designed to minimize the effects of risk status or disability and provide support to the family.
Eunice Kennedy Shriver
Advocate for people with intellectual disabilities and founder of Special Olympics. Sister of President John F. Kennedy and Rosemary Kennedy, who had an intellectual disability.
Exceptional
The label used to describe the range of students who receive special education services in the school.
Handicap
The limitations imposed by the environment of a person with a disability or by people's attitudes toward disability.
Howe, Samuel Gridley
Nineteenth-Century educator and advocate for people with disabilities.
Inclusion
The provision of services to students with disabilities in the general education classroom.
Individualized Education
The concept that each student should have a program tailored to his or her unique learning needs.
Individualized Education Program (IEP)
The written plan for each student's individual education.
Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP)
A written account of the personal and social services needed to promote and support the child and family for the first three years of an exceptional child's life.
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
The name given in 1990 to the federal law formerly known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, Public Law 94-142, and its amendments.
Institution
A large, segregated, residential building used to house individuals with intellectual disabilities, mental illness, or physical disabilities.
Irving Independent School District v. Tatro
A 1984 U.S. Supreme Court decision that schools must provide medical services that a non-physician can perform if a child needs them to remain in school.
Itard, Jean-Marc-Gaspard
Early nineteenth-century French physician who at-tempted to teach the "wild boy of Aveyron" to talk.
Kennedy, John F.
Had a strong personal interest in improving the quality of life for people with intellectual disabilities. Establish the Commission on Mental Retardation a group of expert researchers and practitioners who identified the issues and priorities in the field.
Larry P. v. Riles
A 1979 California state court decision that IQ tests not be used in placing African American students in classes for students with intellectual disabilities.
Least Restrictive Environment
The setting that allows each child to be educated with his or her nondisabled peers to the maximum extent appropriate.
Mills v. Washington, D.C., Board of Education
A 1972 decision that required the District of Columbia to provide a free, appropriate public education for students with disabilities. The lack of funds could not be a reason for not having a special education program
Minority
A numerical minority; it also suggests a subordinate position in society.
Montessori, Maria
Early twentieth-century Italian physician, teacher, and advocate for children with developmental disabilities; developed a method of teaching used with typically developing children today.
No Child Left Behind, or NCLB
Is a phrase used to refer to a law, previously known as the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, which was reauthorized in 2002 and amended to call for greater accountability by local schools and state education agencies.
Nondiscriminatory evaluation
Evaluation procedures conducted with fairness in the child's native language.
Normalization
A philosophy that assumes that people with disabilities should have education, socialization, and life experiences like those of their peers.
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
A 1972 state decision that required Pennsylvania to provide a free, appropriate public education for students with intellectual disabilities.
Person-First Language
Language that describes the person first, then the disability.
Postsecondary
Programs traditional or untraditional college or work opportunities designed to promote successful transition to adult life for individuals with disabilities.
Pre-referral Intervention Team
A team of teachers and other professionals that works to keep children in the general education classroom instead of referring them to special education.
Prevalence
The number of students within a given special education category at a given time.
Public Law 94-142
A 1975 federal law (known now as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, or IDEA) that requires that every child between the ages of 3 and 21 with a disability be provided a free, appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment.
Pullout Program
A service that involves the student leaving the classroom to receive specialized instruction.
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
A law requiring that all facilities that receive federal funds be accessible to people with disabilities and prohibiting discrimination against people who are disabled.
Seguin, Edouard
Nineteenth-Century teacher and advocate for children with intellectual disabilities.
Special Class
A class within an elementary or high school that groups children by exceptionality; a specialist teacher instructs these students together.
Special Education
A set of services designed to meet the unique learning and developmental needs of exceptional students.
Special School
A school designed exclusively for students with exceptionalities.
Teacher Assistance Team
A group of teachers and other professionals who work together to assist the general education teacher.
Team Teaching
Shared instruction of a lesson, a subject area, or an entire instructional program.
Zero Reject .
The principle that no child with a disability shall be refused an appropriate education by the schools
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