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intro to kines- ch. 1-4

Terms in this set (52)

a discipline focused on human physical activity
kinesiology
the 3 places that physical activity derived from
1. experience
2. scholarship
3. professional practice
activity that is intentional, voluntary, or directed toward achieving an identifiable goal
physical activity
the technical definition of "physical activity" does not include human movements that are what 2 things?
involuntary or performed without a specific purpose
not all ... is ... but all ... is ...
not all movement is physical activity, but all physical activity is movement
involved examining physical activity through research and logical, systematic analyses
scholarly study of physical activity
what is physical activity in the professional practice?
putting knowledge to work in physical activity careers
why must human beings go beyond the physical aspects of physical activity and include the cognitive, emotional, and spiritual aspects?
we are holistic creatures with interrelated cognition, emotions, bodies, and souls
what are ADLs?
activities of daily living
what kind of activities do ADLs include?
bathing, brushing teeth, eating, walking
what are IADLs?
instrumental activities of daily living
what kind of activities do IADLs include?
preparing meals, light housework, shopping, using the phone
what kind of activities do home maintenance activities include?
shoveling snow, repair work
what 3 things are under the "self-sufficiency" sphere?
ADLs, IADLs, home maintenance activities
what is the job of kinesiologists?
discover ways to prevent or slow the decline in function due to age
what is one of the most effective ways to reverse functional declines related to age?
physical activity
intentional movements that communicate information to others; replace spoken words
gestures
convey info; can be directly translated
emblems
complement words; can indicate the emotion or tone of verbal messages
illustrators
guide the flow of conversation
regulators
3 ways physical activity professionals contribute to work performance
1. improving methods used to perform work
2. redesigning inefficient workspaces, equipment, and tools
3. preventing and rehabilitating work related injuries
state of being in which humans find deep satisfaction and contentment
leisure
personal time not encumbered with obligations
free time
4 types of competition
1. side by side
2. face to face noncontact
3. face to face contact
4. impersonal
training in, observation of, practice of, or participation in physical activity to increase one's capacity for physical performance
activity experience
types and amounts of physical activity experiences you pursue, both as a child and as an adult, are influenced by people with who you interact on a regular basis
social environment
physical activity professionals need to pay attention to the people they are working with, especially their ...
needs, desires and personal attributes
physical activities in which performers try to attain goals by executing efficient, coordinated motor responses
motor skills
physical activity experience that involves cognitive processing and leads to skill improvement
practice
permanent alteration in the functioning of the nervous system that enables performers to achieve predetermined goals consistently
learning
aspects of physical activity developed through training
physical performance capacity
physical activity carried out for the purpose of conditioning one for performance in an athletic or other event
training
temporary end state of training reflected in the performer's possessing adequate strength, endurance, and flexibility to carry out desired tasks
conditioning
a physically fit person can do what 3 things?
1. perform the essential ADLs
2. has sufficient energy
3. can meet unexpected physical demands
2 types of physical fitness
1. motor performance fitness
2. health-related fitness
experiences that engage us in the critical components of an activity are most likely to improve our capacity to perform that activity
principle of quality
increasing the frequency of experiences that engage us in the critical components of a physical activity will lead to increases in our capacity to perform that activity
principle of quantity
the systematic examination of a particular physical activity for the purpose of disclosing its critical components
task analysis
the aspect of an activity deemed most important for successfully performing that activity
critical component
How we feel, think, and react to physical activity rather than the actual performance itself
subjective experiences
the 4 truths about sport and exercise
1. They are always accompanied by subjective experiences.
2. Subjective experiences are unique.
3. People often do physical activities without ever asking why or understanding the purpose.
4. They will not be meaningful unless enjoyable.
why are subjective experiences important?
1. they help clarify the basis of career choices
2. They help develop our skills as physical activity professionals
3. They determine whether we will make that activity part of our lives
"Instant" emotional and cognitive impressions
immediate subjective experiences
Replay the experience in your mind including visual, kinesthetic, auditory, and other impressions.
replayed subjective experiences
3 components of subjective experience
1. Sensations and perceptions
2. Emotions and emotional responses
3. Knowledge and subjective experience
Valuing physical activity because of the benefits that come from participating (e.g., running a race to win a trophy that shows you were the fastest)
extrinsic approaches
Valuing physical activity because of the subjective experiences embedded within the activity itself (e.g., drifting into a runner's high or running because it makes you feel good)
intrinsic approaches (autotelic)
Involves a progression from merely enjoying an activity to becoming engrossed in it.
internalization of physical activity
3 things that affect the enjoyment of physical activity
1. factors related to the activity
2. factors related to the performer
3. factors related to the social context
Feeling as though we are engaged in a sport contest we are watching
vicarious participation
A form of watching sport contests in which we are nonpartisan in our feelings about the outcome
disinterested sport spectating
what is one of the greatest determinants of whether we continue to engage in physical acitivity?
enjoyment
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