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APUSH Alvies Period 4 Test (Utopian Communities and Manifest Destiny)

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Utopian Communities
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Terms in this set (68)
Utopian Communities
This movement copied early European efforts at utopianism. Utopianism was an attempt by cooperative communities to improve life in the face of increasing industrialism. Groups practiced social experiments that generally saw little success due to their radicalism. Utopianism included attempts at sexual equality, racial equality, and socialism. Two of these communities were Brook Farm and Oneida. Experimental Communities that started springing up in the 1820s.
Shakers
A religious group that established small utopian communities, ranging from Maine to Kentucky. The name Shaker came from a ritual shaking dance that the members of the group performed. In the mid-1800s, the Shakers reached their peak with almost 6000 members. The Shakers did not believe in having children, and so they only relied on converts to expand the community. In the end though, they were very few Americans who decided to live in utopian communities.
Amana Colonies
In Iowa, colonies of Germans who belonged to a religious reform movement known as Pietism. They emphasized simple, communal living, but allowed marriage. Their communities continued to prosper, although they no longer practice their communal ways of living. They are famous for manufacturing their own appliances.
Horace Mann
Was an American educator who was the first secretary of Massachusetts Board of Education. He implemented reforms in education based on liberal social ideas. He made available high-quality, no-cost, nondenominational public schooling. The system has lasted to present day, and as a result, Mann has been called the father of the American public school.
Temperance
The Temperance Movement sought to moderate or ban alcohol consumption. Alcohol's growing availability, concerns about its effects on moral behavior, and ongoing societal reforms encouraged the movement. Women were strong proponents of the movement, as some husbands spent family money on alcohol. The movement led Maine to become a dry state and peaked in 1919 with Prohibition.