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HOSA Competition Medical Terminology
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Gravity
Terms in this set (508)
gastr-
stomach
cardi-
heart
megal-
enlarged
-itis
inflammation
dermat-
skin
plasty
surgical repair
cerebr-
brains
path-
disease
-osis
abnormal condition or disease
-ectomy
surgical removal
enter-
intestines
-otomy
surgical incision
adren-
Adrenal glands
angi-,
blood vessels
-oma
tumor
nephr-
kidney
hepat-
lives
arthr-
joint
blephar-
eye lids
-ologist
specialist
rhin-
nose
gingiv-
gum
-malacia
abnormal softening
-ology
the study of
spasm
involuntary contraction
-algia
pain
crani-
skull
end-
inside, within
hemi-
half
-oid
like, resembling
hyper-
above, more than normal
cyst-
sack containing fluid
chole-
bile
hypo-
deficient
hyster-
uterus
-ostomy
create an opening
para-
beside, beyond
-lysis
loosening, destruction
cervic-
neck
chondr-
cartilage
cyan-
blue
hem-
blood
ost-
bone
psycho-
mind
lip-
fat
my-, myos-, muscl-
muscles
lith-
stone
ophthalm-
eye
proct-
anus
cost/o-
rib
-gram
record
acr/o-
extremities
rhexis
break, burst
carcin-
cancer
gen-
original, production
burso-
sac
retro-
backwards
trip-
rub, friction
strept
twist
-desis
binding
mani-
madness
glosso-
tongue
-trophy
development
supra-
above
-ptosis
falling
-dyn-
pain
mast-
breast
-rrhaphy
suture
dent-
teeth
cephal-
head
auto-
self
hydro-
water
lobo-
section
-emesis
vomitting
contra-
against, counter
-iasis
condition
trans-
through, across
brady-
slow
-ectasis
expansion
cyt-
cell
odont-
tooth
leuk-
white
-esthesia
sensation
cantho-
angle at the end of the eyelid
steno-
narrow, contracted
cheil-
lip
benign
mild, not concerous
semen
seed
celio-
abdomen
erythro-
red
vaso-, vascul
blood vessel
melan-
black
cauda-
tail
lingua-
tongue
myring-
eardrum
spondyl-
vertabrae
ovar-
egg
-centesis
puncture
oto-
ear
bili-
bile
squam-
scale
mening-
membrane
cec-
blind passage
macul-
spot
-pexy
surgical fixation
onco-
tumor
or-
mouth
sub-
under
spiro-
coil
lacrim-
tear
viscero-
organ
lact-
milk
onych-
nail, claw
thorac-
chest
pyle-
gate
vesic-
bladder
sphenic-
wedge
myel-
marrow, spinal cord
anti-
against
myco-
fungus
hallux
big toe
angi/o
vessel
aort/o
aorta
arteri/o
Artery
ather/o
Hardening
atri/o
Atrium
brady-
Slow
Cardi/o
Cardio, heart
Coron/o
Coronary heart
peri-
around
endo-
within
embl/o
embolism- something inserted
phleb/o
Vein
-sclerosis
abnormal hardening
tachy-
Fast
-tension
Pressure
thromb/o
Clot
ven/o
Vein
ventricul/o
Ventricle
BP
Blood Pressure
CHD
Coronary Heart Disease
CHF
Congestive Heart failure
CPR
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
ECg/EKG
Electrocardiogram
MI
Myocardial Infarction
Angina
Decrease in blood flow to the heart muscle causing chest pain
Stroke
Lack of blook flow to brain causing tissue death
Atherosclerosis
Fatty Plaque buildup in the artery walls
Arteriosclerosis
Hardening of the artery walls
Aneurysm
A thinning and ballooning of an artery wall
Hypertension
High blood pressure
Arrythmia
Abnormal heart rhythm
cervic/o
Cervix
gynec/o
woman, female
hyster/o
uterus
mamm/o, mast/o
Breast
men/o
Menses, Mestruation
ovari/o
Ovary
pelv/o
Pelvis
uter/o
Uterus
vagin/o
Vagina
metr/o
Uterus
Endometriosis
Growth of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus
Hysterectomy
Surgical removal of the uterus
Ovarian Cancer
malignant cell growth in the ovaries
Ovarian Cyst
a fluid filled sac in an ovary
Breast Cancer
malignant cell growth in the breast tissue
Dysmenorrhea
painful periods
Yeast Infection
An infection of the vagina causing itching and discharge
Cervical Cancer
Malignant cell growth in the cervix; can be caused by HPV virus
Pap smear
Examination of cervical cells and mucus for early detection of cervical cancer
Estrogen
Female hormone responsible for the development of feminine characteristics; also plays an important role in the maintenence of the uterine lining
arthr/o
Joint
articul/o
Joint
-blast
Build, Embryonic, immature
burs/o
bursa
cervic/o
neck, cervical
chondr/o
cartilage
-clast/clasis
to break
cost/o
rib;costal
crani/o
skull; cranium
femor/o
femur
kyph/o
hump
ligament/o
ligament
-malacia
softening
my/o, muscul/o
muscle
oste/o
bone
-porosis
lessen in density
scoli/o
curved
stern/o
breast bone; sternum
tendin/o, ten/o, tend/o
tendon
vertebr/o
vertebra
L1, L2
Lumbar Vertebra 1, 2
C1, C2
Cervical vertebrae 1, 2
T1, T2
Thoracic Vertebrae 1, 2
arthroscopy
visualization of the interior of a joint using an endoscope
greestick fracture
a partial break in bone but not completely seperated; bent and partially broken
arthritis
inflammation of a joint
kyphosis
outward curve of thoracic
closed fracture
bone is broken and the overlying skin is not lacerated
lordosis
forward curve of lumbar
open fracture
bone is broken and overlying skin is lacerated
osteogenesis
process of bone formation
osteomalacia
softening of bone
osteoporosis
loss bone density
scoliosis
sideways curve of spine
sprain
a joint injure by excessive stretching of the supporting ligaments
strain
overstretching of the muscle or the attaching tendon supporting ligaments of a joint
dislocation
a tera in the supporting ligaments of the joing causing the bone ends to no longer align
tendonitis
inflammation of the tendon
abdomin/o
Abdomen
an/o
Anus
appendic/o
Appendix
col/o, colon/o
Large Intestine
dent/I, odont/o
Tooth
digest/o
Digestion
-emesis
Vomiting
enter/o
Small intestine
epi-
upon, above
esophag/o
Esophagus
gastr/o
Stomach
gingiv/o
Gum
hepat/o
Liver
lapar/o
Abdominal Wall
lingu/o
Tongue
or/o
Mouth
pharyng/o, laryng/o
Pharynx (throat)
rect/o, proct/o
Rectum
GI
gastrointestinal
NG
Nasogastric
N and V
Nausea and Vomiting
Anorexia
without appetite; self imposed starvation
Ascites
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity caused by liver failure
Bulimia
Binge and purge; eat excessive amounts of food and then vomit
Gastric Reflux
Backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus
Ulcer
An erosion of the lining of the stomach or intestines
Appendicitis
Inflammation of the appendix
Hepatitis
Acute or chronic inflammation of the liver due to infection, drugs, alcohol abuse and or other toxins
Hyperemesis
Excessive Vomiting
Cirrhosis
A progressive degenerative disorder disease of the liver. May be caused by chronic alcohol abuse, malnutrition, infection, or other toxins
aden/o
Gland
agglutin-
Clumping
auto-
self
axill/o
Axillary, armpit
coag-
Clotting
-edema
Swelling
-emia
Blood Condition
febrile
Fever
megal/o
enlarged
-oid
Resembling
-oma
Tumor
-penia
deficiency
-phag/o
to eat, to swallow
poiesis-
Production, formation
-stitial
pertaining to standing
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Chronic autoimmune disease which attacks the healthy joint tissue causing inflamed joints, pain and swelling, and deformities of bones in hands and feet
Lymphoma
Usually a malignant tumore in the lymphoid tissue
Allergen
Substance which stimulates and allergic response
AIDS
syndrome of clinical conditions that destroys the body's immune system in the final phase of HIV; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
-algia
pain
encephal/o
Brain
-esthesia
sensation of feeling
-lepsy
seizure
myel/o
spinal cord, bone marrow, myelin
neur/o
nerve, nervous
-plegia
total paralysis
para-
near of beside
quari-
four
Parkinson's Disease
muscle tremors, rigidity and slowing of movement
Multiple Sclerosis
ms; chronic, progressive disorder in which hardening of the myelin sheaths of motor neurons in spinal cord produces weakness and paralysis
Paraplegia
paralysis of lower portion of body
Quiadriplegia
paralysis of both arms and both legs
cyst/o
bladder
glyc/o
sugar
nephr/o, ren/o
kidney
UA
urinalysis
Bladder Infection
bacteria travels up the urethra causing an infection; pain and burning are common during urination
Cystoscopy
visualization of urinary bladder through a scope inserted through the urethra
epispadias
congenital defect in which urethra opens on upper side of penis
Hypospadias
urethra opens on under side of penis
acr/o
extremities, top
dips/o
thirst
ex, exo-
out, outward, outside
-ism
condition
acromegaly
enlargement of bone in extremities and head due to overproduction of growth hormone after puberty
polydipsia
excessive thirst; sign of diabetes
polyuria
excessive urination; sign of diabetes
cry/o
cold
cutane/o
skin
hidr/o
sweat
kerat/o
hard, horny
melan/o
black
myc/o
fungus
necr/o
dead
onych/o
nail
pil/o
hair
rhtyid/o
wrinkled
seb/o
sebium oil
xer/o
dry
impetigo
pus pockets; highly contagious
melanoma
malignant tumor of pigment cells in skin
nas/o, rhin/o
nose
phren/o
diaphragm
-pnea
breathing
pneum/o, pneumon/o
air, lung
pulmon/o
Air Lung
Ausculation
listening to the sounds of the stethoscope
Emphysema
a disease that causes alveoli to stretch and loose their elasticity, creating dead spaces in lungs; usually caused by smoking
hypoxia
deficiency of oxygen
anter/o
front
cyt/o
cell
hist/o
tissue
viscer/o
internal organs
carcin/o
cancer
gno/o
knowledge
onc/o
tumor
cyan/o
blue
erythro/o
red
leuk/o
white
chrom/o
color
jaund/o
yellow
hem/o
blood
dia
through, complete
meta
beyond, change
neo
new
pro-
before,
a, an
no, not
inter-
between
ad-
toward
pseudo-
false
ab-, ex-
away from
anti-
against
ecto-
outside
trans-
through or across
al, poietic, ous, ary, ior, eal, tic, ine
pertaining to formation
genic
produces
ologist
one who studies and practices
scopy
visual examination
-sis
state of
rrhage
bursting of blood
-graphy
process of recording
-tomy
process of cutting
balan/o
glans penis
-cele
hernia, tumor, swelling
orchi/o, test/o
testis
phall/o
penis
cyrpt/o
hidden
hernia
inside layers of the abdominal wall weaken the bulge and tear
cryptoorchidism
undescended testicles
BCC
basal cell carcinoma
SqCCA
squamous cell carcinoma
TIA
transient ischemic attack
TSS
toxis shock syndrome
TURP
transurethral laser incision of the prostate
XRT
radiotherapy
IDDM
insulin- dependednt diabetes mellitus
IVp
intravenous pyelogram
LLQ
lower left quadrant
LMP
last menstrual period
PVC
premature ventricular contractions
HRt
hormone replacement therapy
Bph
benign prostatic hyperplasia
COB
coordination of benefits
BUN
blood urea nitrogen
AKA
above knee amputation
AMA
against medical advice
AODM
adult onset diabetes mellitus
ADH
andtidiuretic hormone
girdle
structure that encircles the body
pod
foot
-iatrist
specialist
synov
synovial membrane
Ankylosing
progessive stiffening
Lumb
Lumbar
-ago
diseased condition
Listhesis
slipping
Bifida
split
necrosis
tissue death
ankyl/o
crooked/bent/stiff
fasci/o
Fascia
bi-
double
dys-
bad/painful
fibr/o
fibrous tissue
-ia
abnormal condition
Kines/o
movement
rrhexis
rupture
tax/o
coordination/order
ton/o
strain
myofasical
pertaining to muscle tissue and fascia
neuro
nerve
-ion
action
duct
to lead
flex-
to bend
tens
stretch out
plantar
pertaining to the sole of the foot
cleid/o
collar bone
carpi
wrist
sarc/o
flesh
A
without
ton
tone
clon
violent action
nocturnal
pertaining to night
asthenia
lack of strength
paresis
partial paralysis
capill/o
capillaries
pulmonary
pertaining to lungs
semilunar
halfmoon
mitral
shaped like bishop's hat
biscupud
2 points
congenital
at birth
ischemic
disruption of blood supply
isch
hold back
valvul
valve
prolapse
falling of internal organ
systole
contraction
perfusion
flow of blood through vessels
crasia
mixture
-lytic
Destroy
gonad/o
Gonads
testic/o
Male testicles
pancreat/o
Pancreatic islets
Parathyroid/o
Parathyroid glands
pineal/o
Pineal Glands
pituit/o, pituitar/o
Pituitary Gland
thym/o
Thymus
thyr/o, thryoid/o
thyroid gland
crin/o
secrete
-dipsia
thirst
somat/o
body
home/o
constant
-stasis
control
cortic/o
cortex
trop
change
oxy
swift
-tocin
labor
hypophys
Pituitary Gland
Hirsut/o
Hairy/rough
py/o
pus
rhytid/o
wrinkle
urtic/o
rash
Alopec
bald
Koil
hollow
Bronch/o
bronchial tube
nas/o
nose
ox/i
oxygen
phon/o
sound, voice
pleur/o
pleura, side of the body
somn/o
sleep
spir/o
to brerathe
trache/o
windpipe
sept/o
septum
cholecyst/o
Gallbladder
-lithiasis
presence of stones
-pepsia
digest
pyel/o
Renal Pelvis
ur/o
urine
Ureter/o
Ureters
prostat/o
Prostate
caus/o
burn
concuss/o
violently agitated
contus/o
bruise
radicul/o
root
tropic
having an affinity
lymph/o
Lymph
lymphangi/o
Lymphatic Vessels and Ducts
Lymph Nodes
Lymphaden/o
tonsill/o
Tonsils
Adenoid
adenoid/o
splen/o
Spleen
lymphocyt/o
Lymphocytes
-plasm
formative material of cells
tox/o
poison
stricture
narrowing
diur
increased output of urine
peripheral
pertaining to body parts away from center of body
pen/i,
penis
phall/i
penis
oophor/o
ovaries
salping/o
fallopian tubes
Placent/o
placenta
opt/i
eyes
Ir/i
Iris
Phac/o
Lens
dacryocyst/o
lacrimal apparatus
lacrim/o
lacrimal Apparatus
acous/o
ears
pinn/i
outer ear
myring/o
tympanic membrane, eardrum
tympan/o
tympanic membrane, eardrum
labyrinth/o
Inner ear
-cusis
hearing
opthalm/o
eye, vision
-opia
vision condition
ot/o
hearing
presby/o
old age
scler/o
sclera- white of eye
trop/o
tum, change
-ocul
eye
intra
within
extra
outside
emmetr
proper measure
orbit
eyeball
En
in
dacry/o
tear
xer
dry
phot
light
mio
smaller
mydrias
dilation
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