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Med Term Test 2/ Muscular System

Terms in this set (139)

bone
oste/o
-cyte (s)
cell
-blast (s)
embryonic/immature
-clast (s)
to break
periosteum
structure around bone
epiphysis
end of bone
diaphysis
middle of bone, shaft
metaphysis
neck, connects diaphysis w/ epiphysis
axial
trunk
appendicular
arms and legs
crani/o
skull
cervic/o
neck
spondyl/o
vertebrae
lumb/o
lumbar
brachi/o
arm
dactyl/o
fingers
carp/o
wrist
cost/o
ribs
femor/o
femur
tibi/o
tibia
tars/o
tarsals/ankle bones
ten/o, tendin/o, tend/o
muscle to bone
ligaments
connect bone to bone
joints
2 or more bones come together
dislocation
complete displacement
subluxation
partial displacement
centesis
surgical puncture, removes fluid
chondr/o
articular cartilage
-graphy (s)
process of recording
bone scans
look at bone density
necrotic
dead cartilage
osteoarthritis (OA)
disease of the bone
degenerative joint disease (DJD)
wear and tear disease from injuries
crepitus
grating noise, bones rub together
ankyl/o
stiffness
-osis (s)
abnormal condition
rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
affects women ages 20-40, autoimmune disease, crippling
gout
metabolic disorder, increase in men, crystaline looking structure
closed fracture
simple, bone doesn't break skin
open compound fracture
bone breaks skin
pathological fracture
result of a diseased condition
internal fixation
having to put rods and screws in bone
comminuted fracture
splintering of the bone inside
greenstick fracture
partial break with bottom part intact/hanging
external fixators
difficulty applying cast, wounds, swelling
amputation
surgical removal of bone
prosthesis
artificial limb
osteoporosis
condition of pores or spaces in bone
dexa scan
bone density test
osteomalacia
softening of bone, in kids called rickets, not enough calcium
calc/o, calci/o
calcium
kyph/o
humpback/hunchback
lord/o
curve swayback
scoli/o
crooked, bent
my/o, myos/o, muscul/o
muscle
fasci/o
lies over muscle
kinesiology
study of motion, mostly on muscle
kinesi/o
motion
ROM
range of motion
-ia
condition, state, thing
-ton/o
tension
paresis
partial paralysis
plegia
complete paralysis
contraction
elastic tissue replaces inelastic tissue, joints and extremities drawn together b/c tight or fixed, flexion contractions most common, ROM excericises
muscular dystrophy
inherited, hypertrophy deposits fatty deposits in muscles and progressive weakness, death from respiraorty complications, Duchenne's muscular dystrophy in children
Electromyogram
EMG, instrument with electricity of muscle
C1-C7
1st group, cervical
T1-T12
2nd group, thoracic
L1-L5
3rd group, lumbar
S1-S5
4th group, sacrum
Hx
history
Fx
fracture
Tx
treatment
Anterior and posterior ligaments are ____
cruciates
medial/lateral ligaments are ____
collaterals
Cruciates
ACL, PCL
Collaterals
MCL, LCL
CTS
carpal tunnel syndrome
FROM
full range of motion
ORIF
open reduction, internal fixation
RICE
rest, ice, compression, elevation
THR
total hip reduction
TKR
total knee replacement
WB
weight bearing
WBAT
weight bearing as tollerated
flexion
when a joint bends
extension
joint straightens
abduction
widening of a joint to move parts away from body
adduction
joint narrows to bring parts back towards body
genu valgum
knock kneed
genu varum
bow legged
taxia
coordination
tonia
muscle tone
grapho
write
asthenia
weakness
gram
record
graphy
writing procedure
scope
instrument to look
scopy
procedure to look
axi-
axis
al tomo
pertaining to cut
metry
measurement
ex
out
syn-
together
trophic
nourishment
perfecta
complete
-luxation
dislocation
meta-
after
clasia
breaking
pros-
toward
-thesis
place
-desis
binding
-rrhaphy
suture
ped/o
foot
pod/o
foot
vertebr/o
vertebra
stern/o
breast bone
myel/o
bone marrow
-penia
deficiency
aesthen/ia
condition of weakness
-trophy
nourishment
cervic/al
pertaining to the neck
OA
osteoarthritis
RA
rheumatoid arthritis
PT
prothrombin time, blood test to see how long it takes to clot
ankylosis
stiffness of joints
arthroalgia
pain in joint
dystonia
poor muscle tone
-stomy
incision to form a mouth
graph
to record
apathy
lack of emotion
etiology
cause of disease
idiopathic
not knowing cause of disease
atrophy
loss of muscle tissue, wasting away of muscle tissue
effusion
fluid filled in joint
arthrosclerosis
hardening of joints
postictal
period after seizure
achondroplasia
condition when cartilage doesn't form
CT scan
produces images along cross sections
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