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Med Term 2/Nervous System

Terms in this set (101)

nervous system
gathers info, integrates info, makes decisions about what to do w/ info
What are the 2 parts of the nervous system?
central nervous system, peripheral nervous system
voluntary
control
involunatry
not controlled
cephal/o
head
crani/o
cranium/skull
encephal/o
brain
cephalalgia
headache
encephalopathy
disease of brain
encephalitis
inflammation of brain
craniotomy
incision into skull
mening/o, meningi/o
meninges
3 layers of meninges
dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater
dura mater
outermost
arachnoid
blood vessels
pia mater
innermost, covers brain and spinal cord
neural tube defect
NTD
-y
condition, process
spinal bifida
incomplete formation of vertebrae
myelomeningocele
open, hernia of meninges and spinal nerves through defect in vertebral column
meningocele
hernia of meninges through defect in vertebral column
hydrocephalus
condition of increased amount of CSF w/in ventricles associated w/ NTD, fluid can be shunted from ventricles to peritoneal cavity
alzheimer's disease
progress mental deterioration, causes dementia, brain atrophy, unknown etiology and there is no cure, pet scan
brain atrophy
loss of memory, confusion
myasthenia gravis
disorder of neuromuscular transmission (acetylcholine), autoimmune disorder, affects voluntary muscles
pet scan
positron emission tomography
multiple slerosis (ms)
neurological,scarring of the mylein sheath
ataxia
can't control voluntary muscles
cerebral palsy
lack of muscular coordination, lack of oxygen during delivery, partial paralysis, hearing and vision problem
palsy
partial/complete loss of motor function
parkinson's disease
chronic disease of an imbalance of neurotransmitters, slowly spreading tremors, muscular weakness, lack of facial expression, slow speech, "pill-rolling" rigity, and shuffling gait
epilepsy
seizures and convulsions due to release of electrical activity, sudden violent invonluntary contractions of groups of muscles caused by a disturbance in brain function
-lepsy (s)
seizures
tonic-clonis epilepsy
grand mal, more intense
absence epilepsy
petit mal, short time, no memory of seizure
meningitis
infection covering brain and spinal cord, diagnosis is lumbar puncture (spinal tap LP), can get vaccinated
brain tumors
-oma, disorders diagnosed through CT and MRI scans
cerebral concussion
momentary loss of consciousness due to a blow to the head/shaking
cerebral contusion
bruising/bleeding in the brain
cerebrovascular accident (CVA) stroke
vascular disorder, lack of oxygen and blood flow to brain is disrupted
ischemic
lack of oxygen to body part
thrombotic
stationary clot
embolic
moving clot
hemorrhagic
bursting of hemorrhage, aneurysm
transient ischemic attack (TIA)
mini stroke, fainting, numbness/weakness, confusion/disorientation, facial drooping
dyskinesia
bad movement
dysphagia
bad eating
dysphasia
bad speech "slurring"
aphasia
lack of speech
phasia
speech
-esthesia (s)
feeling, sensation
myel/o
spinal cord
tax/o
arrangement, order, coordination
asthenia
weakness
somn/o
sleep
somn/i
sleep
hypn/o
sleep
cerebell/o
cerebellum
phas/o
speech
lob/o
lobe
phren/o
mind
psych/o
mind
dur/o
dura
-ictal
seizure
-lepsy
seize
amytrophic lateral sclerosis
ALS
central nervous sytem
CNS
cerebral palsy
CP
cerebral spinal fluid
CSF
cerebrovascular accident
CVA
electroencephalogram
EEG
intracranial pressure
ICP
level of consciousness
LOC
lumbar puncture
LP
multiple sclerosis
MS
transient ischemic attack
TIA
positron emission tomography
PET
OCD
obsessive compulsive disorder
interictal
time between seizures
positictial
time after seizures
clonus
muscle spasm or twitching
general anesthetic
anesthetic that causes complete loss of consciousness
local anesthetic
anesthetic that doesn't affect consciousness
regional anesthetic
anesthetic that is injected into a nerve causing a loss of sensation over a particular area
topical anesthetic
anesthetic applied in the dural region of spinal cord
computerized tomography
CT scan
anterior cruciate ligament
ACL
posterior cruciate ligament
PCL
lateral collateral ligament
LCL
medial collateral ligament
MCL
magnetic resonance imaging
MRI
electromyogram
EMG
rest, ice, compression, elevation
RICE
degenerative joint disease
DJD
muscular dystrophy
MD
biopsy
Bx
ligament
attaches bone to bone
tendon
attaches muscle to bone
ancephaly
absence of brain and spinal cord
embolism
blood clot breaks off, gets caught
acrophobia
fear of heights
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