Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

Lillian Tram/Mr. Rodriguez Review

Terms in this set (46)

Authoritarianism (Ch.1)
the enforcement or advocacy of strict obedience to authority at the expense of personal freedom
Civic engagement (Ch. 1)
citizens working together to make a change or difference in the community
Indirect democracy (Ch.1)
a government system in elected representatives govern in the interest of the people
Libertarianism (Ch.1)
an extreme laissez-faire political philosophy advocating only minimal state intervention in the lives of citizens
Moral relativism (Ch.1)
moral judgments are true or false only relative to some particular standpoint (for instance, that of a culture or a historical period) and that no standpoint is uniquely privileged over all others
Oligarchy (Ch.1)
a small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution
Political ideology (Ch.1)
a certain set of ethical ideals, principles, doctrines, myths or symbols of a social movement, institution, class, and/or large group that explains how society should work, and offers some political and cultural blueprint for a certain social order
Zeitgeist (Ch.1)
the defining spirit or mood of a particular period of history as shown by the ideas and beliefs of the time
Advice and consent (Ch.2)
a power of the United States Senate to be consulted on and approve treaties signed and appointments made by the President of the United States to public positions
Confederation (Ch.2)
a group of states, nations or territories that are joined together by a central government that has limited powers of authority
Dual sovereignty (Ch.2)
a doctrine holding that more than one sovereign (as a state government and the federal government) may prosecute an individual without violating the prohibition against double jeopardy if the individual's act breaks the laws of each sovereignty
Judicial Review (Ch.2)
The principle by which courts can declare acts of either the executive branch or the legislative branch unconstitutional
Virginia Plan (Ch.2)
a proposal by Virginia delegates for a bicameral legislative branch
Unitary system (Ch.3)
a governmental structure in which one central government is the sovereign government and it creates other, regional governments to which it delegates some governing powers and responsibilities; however, the central government retains ultimate authority (sovereignty)
Confederal system (Ch.3)
a governmental structure in which several independent sovereign states agree to cooperate on specified policy matters by creating a central governing body; each sovereign state retains ultimate authority over other governmental matters within its borders, so the central governing body is not a sovereign government
Enumerated powers (Ch.3)
The powers of the federal government that are specifically described in the Constitution are sometimes called 'delegated' or 'expressed powers'.
Horizontal federalism (Ch.3)
It refers to the separation of powers within the national government that take into account regional interests
Interstate compacts (Ch.3)
an agreement between two or more states
Extradition (Ch.3)
the action of extraditing a person accused or convicted of a crime
Judicial federalism (Ch.3)
a theory that the judicial branch has a place in the check and balance system in U.S. federalism
Dual federalism (Ch.3)
a political arrangement in which power is divided between the federal and state governments
Centralized federalism (Ch.3)
the idea that the federal government should be the one setting national policy, and the state and local governments must be the ones to carry out these policies
Straw poll (Ch.6)
an unofficial ballot conducted as a test of opinion
Quota sample (Ch.6)
A sampling method of gathering representative data from a group
Tracking polls (Ch.6)
a type of poll repeated periodically with the same group of people to check and measure changes of opinion or knowledge
Push polls (Ch.6)
an ostensible opinion poll in which the true objective is to sway voters using loaded or manipulative questions
Exit polls (Ch.6)
a poll of people leaving a polling place, asking how they voted
Cloture (Ch. 12)
a procedure for ending a debate and taking a vote
Earmark (Ch. 12)
designations within spending bills that provide for specific expenditures
House majority leader (Ch. 12)
the leader of the majority party, who helps the Speaker to develop and implement strategy and who works with other members of the House of Representatives
House minority leader (Ch. 12)
the leader of the minority party, whose job mirrors that of the majority leader but without the power that comes from holding a majority in the House of Representatives
Joint referral (Ch. 12)
the practice of referring the bill simultaneously to two different House committees for consideration
Logrolling (Ch. 12)
a reciprocal tactic by which a member agrees to vote on one piece of legislation in exchange for a colleague's vote on another
Majority whip (Ch. 12)
encourages majority party members to vote, they count the vote and they oversee the activities of deputy whips
Markup (Ch. 12)
the process by which members of legislative committees "mark up" a bill with suggested language for changes and amendments
Ombudsperson (Ch. 12)
a person acting as an ombudsman (an official appointed to investigate individuals' complaints against maladministration, especially that of public authorities)
Pork barrel (Ch. 12)
the use of government funds for projects designed to please voters or legislators and win votes
Reapportionment (Ch. 12)
the reallocation of seats in the House of Representatives on the basis of changes in a state's population since the last census
Balanced ticket (Ch. 13)
the selection of a running mate who brings diversity of ideology, geographic region, age, gender, race, or ethnicity to the slate
Executive privilege (Ch. 13)
the right of the chief executive and members of the administration to withhold information from Congress or the courts, or the right to refuse to appear before legislative or judicial bodies
Honeymoon period (Ch. 13)
a time early in a new president's administration characterized by optimistic approval by the public
Line-item veto (Ch. 13)
the power of the president to strike out specific line items on an appropriations bill while allowing the rest of the bill to become law; declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1997
Press secretary (Ch. 13)
a senior advisor who provides advice on how to deal with the news media and, using news management techniques, helps his or her employer to maintain a positive public image and avoid negative media coverage
Rally 'round the flag effect (Ch. 13)
a concept used in political science and international relations to explain increased short-run popular support of the President of the United States during periods of international crisis or war
Statutory powers (Ch. 13)
the ability of statutes (laws) or statutory bodies created by central and state governments to grant power to officials or become the "law of the land"
Take care clause (Ch. 13)
a clause in the U.S. Constitution that imposes a duty on the President to take due care while executing laws
Other sets by this creator