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Photography Nomenclature

Terms in this set (42)

Single Lens Reflex (SLR):

enables the photograpgher to see the subject in the view finder through the same lens that presents the image to and the film or sensor; it has a mirror that flips up at the time you hit the shutter allows light to hit the film or sensor

Point-and-shoot camera

automatic and compact, lens is incorporated into the camera body, has limited manual controls; turn it on, point it, and take a picture

equipped with a lens mount and film holder than can be raised or set at an angle, and a back that has a ground glass for focusing, used especially for portraits and landscapes.

Large format camera

also a view camera, uses sheets of film instead of rolls; each sheet is used for one exposure; common sizes 4" x 5" or 8" x 10"; one camera, one size

Twin lens reflex

larger format, one lens is for viewing subject matter and one lets the image/light in

the little window you look through to see the image

Liquid crystal display; allows you to see the image you've taken on a digital camera and to take pictures; some cameras are cutting out the view finder and going live with LCD

allows you to see through the lens...through your view finder, you look into a mirror, which reflects another mirror, which shows what the lens sees

Refers to the amount of light reaching the film or sensor
**The camera's shutter speed, ISO and f/stop settings control the exposure

too much light (light image) Opposite of dark room

not enough light (dark image) Opposite in dark room

the range of differences in the light to dark areas of a photo

how quickly the curtain opens and closes

The measurement of the film's sensitivity to light determined by the International Organization for Standardization

measure of the aperture opening
**The smaller the number, the larger the opening and vice versa

the area in front of (foreground) and behind (background) the subject or center of interest that is in acceptable focus

Manual VS. Automatic

if you camera has a manual setting, you can choose the f/stop, the ISO, the shutter speed (three variables); automatic, the camera choose these for you based on the conditions

making a series of exposures of the same image at different f/stop and shutter speed settings in addition to the one suggested by the light meter; changing the f/stop or shutter speed can do this

a device that reads the intensity of the light falling on or reflected by a subject; can be built into the camera or a hand-held device

the adjustment on a digital camera to the color temperature of the light sores; can be set to automatic or manual control for sunlight/daylight, cloudy/overcast, flash, incandescent, or fluorescent light

a piece of cardboard or other material with a standardized 18-percent reflectance, the average reflectance of Caucasian skin tones; used as a reference for determining the correct exposure or white balance

Undesirable patterns created electronically in the dark areas of a digital photograph

Most important part of your camera; you can get away with having a cheap body; but not a cheap lens; it's the glass and optics that help make a good image

when what you see is not what the lens sees, in some cameras you look through the view finder but there are no mirrors; the view finder doesn't align with the lens

on point-and shoot; can't change them

Interchangeable Lens

SLRs/DSLRs have these

just one focal length

variable focal lengths

The process that allows digital zoom in on a subject without a zoom lens; it captures less data and procedures an inferior image to an optical zoom

A device that fit over the lens changing the light in some way

Film is a negative, light is a dark spot on the negative, a dark area is is light on the negative

a light sensitive salt embedded in film

measured by a diagonal, just like a TV set; 35 mm film is what is normally used in SLR

digital; pixels in a sensor react to light in a similar way that silver bromide reacts to the light; pixels store the light and that's what create the digital image

to use part of an image for the purpose of improving composition (can be done through the viewfinder or during the editing process)

forcing the flash to go off in order to fill a dark or shaded area

the smallest unit of digital imaging used or produced by a device

Pixel per inch; the number of pixels that can be displayed on a line that is one-inch; long used to indicate print image resolution

Joint Photographic Experts Group; a data compression technique that reduces file size with loss of information to allow more images to be saved on a memory card

Tagged Image File Format; a higher quality than a JPEG, takes up more space on a memory card

A digital image file format that doesn't compress or format any of the data captured by the sensor, images are very large and must be processed by special software

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