bio notes

chromosome
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Terms in this set (26)
chromosome
a threadlike body in the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order
flagella
whiplike tails found in one-celled organisms to aid in movement
cytoplasm
the protoplasm of a cell excluding the nucleus
nuclecus
the brain of a cell is the nucleus it controls the cell and the things inside it
mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production
rough endoplasmic reticulum
System of internal membranes within the cytoplasm. Membranes are rough due to the presence of ribosomes. functions in transport of substances such as proteins within the cytoplasm
ribosomes
Make proteins
golgi appartus
to modify, sort, and package protiens and other materialsf rom the ER for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell
vacuoles
cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
lysosomes
An organelle containing digestive enzymes
nuclear enelopedouble membrane containing pores; surrounds nucleusnucleousa small nucleus in the big nucleus that stores the materials that is used to make ribosomes in the cytoplasmchromatinthe readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus consisting of DNA and RNA and various proteinscell membranethin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cellcell wallstrong layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteriachloroplastorganelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energycytoskeletona microscopic network of actin filaments and microtubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells that gives the cell shape and coherenceciliashort, hair-like structures made of microtubules that enable movement of cells or movement of materials outside a cellsmooth endoplasic reticulumdoes not have ribosomes on surface, synthesize lipidscentriolestwo tiny structures located in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelopemicrotubuleA hollow rod of tubulin protein in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells and in cilia, flagella, and the cytoskeleton.phosholipidsare lipids with a phosphate group attached to themprokaryotea unicellular organism having cells lacking membrane-bound nucleieukaryotean organism with cells characteristic of all life forms except primitive microorganisms such as bacteriacontractilecapable of contracting or being contractedchlorophyllGreen pigment in plants that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis