Diseases/Disorder of the Circulatory System

Key Concepts:

Terms in this set (56)

An
Without
Emia
Blood
Anemia
Condition resulting from certain elements being deficient in blood.
Iron defiency anemia
Most common; inadequate suppy of Fe.
Aplastic anemia
RESULT FROM INJURY, destruction if blood cell formation, and bone marrow function.
Acute blood loss anemia
Low erythrocyte count occuring over extended period of time, following acute blood loss; can be fatal.
Aneurysm
Weakend arterial wall.
Saccular
Unilateral pouch like bulge.
Fusiform
Spindle shaped bulge of entire artery wall.
Cerebral
Brain
Thoracic aortic
Usualy fatal
Abdominal aortic
Usually without symptoms bu detectable on palpation around naval; 20% die immediately. 😖
Angina
Sever chest pain radiating down left arm ⏪ spasm, blockage of one or more heart arteries resulting in ischemia to portion of heart muscle; associated with emotional stress, and physical exertion.
Ischemia
Temporary loss to blood in a area.
Whats a treatment for angina?
Nitrogylcerin
Sublingual
Under tongue 👅
Cardiac arrest
Complete sudden cessation of heart action; rapidly fatal; irreversible brain damage in ⚄ minutes.
Arrythmia
Abnormal changes in heart rythm. 💓💗💞
Arteriosclerosis
Hardening of arteries; may result in hypertension.
Atherosclerosis
Condition characterized by deposit of fatty materials along lining of arteries.
What are some affects of atherosclerosis?
Heart failure, and stroke.
Athletic Heart Syndrome
enlarged heart ⏪ cardiomegaly

particularly ventricles result of strenuos exercise
Caridits
itis of 💖

can be viral, fungal, or bacterial infection
Pericarditis
itis of pericardium
Myocarditis
itis of myocardium
Endocarditis
itis of endocardium
CVA
cerebrovascular accident

stroke/brain attack

caused by sudden umpaired of blood flow to brain 3rd leading cause of death, leading cause of long term disability.
Edema
swelling
Athro
fatty, lipid
F
face
A
arm
S
speech
T
time
CHF
congestive heart failure

complex conition of inadequete heart action with retention of tissue fluid.
Left side of CHF
heart output is ⏬/ blood flows ⏫ in LV; congestion in LA occurs from fluid build up in lungs.

oxygenated
Right side of CHF
blood return to 💖 becomes congested causing fluid to enter interstital space.

unoxygenated
CAD
coronary artery disease

disease of arteries surronding heart, carris O2/nutrients to myocardium.
What are treatmenr of CAD?
nitrogylcerin
angioplasty
coronary stent
coronary bypass surgery
Embolism
foreign matter circulating blood stream
Heart failure
heart pumps to weakly to supply body with blood, common in age
with severe failure, life expectancy shortened
transplant used in younger pts
Heart replacement
known as heart transplant
Hypertension
pressure consistently elevated above 140/90
Hypotension
may be life threatening with these conditions:acute blood loss, heart failure, shock, kidney failure

treated with transfusions, fluid replacing, cardiac stimulants, other drugs
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
disease with ventricle walls of hesrt thicken making heart stiff/unable to fill with blood/ pump efficiently
affects 1 in 2000 people in U.S.
cause of sudden death in young athletes
Leukemia
disease of bone marrow/lymphatic condition
large # of immature WBX
Acute
sudden onset
Chronic
longer onset
Acute lymphatic leukemia
most common in children
Chronic leukemia has...
median survival rste 3-4yrs
Murmur
abdnormal blood flow through heart valve due to leaky valve
most common is mitral
can be present at birth result from disease
Myocardial infarction
heart attack
result from occlusion ot coronary artery causing myocardial tissue destruction
#1 leading death cause
What are the S&S of MI
crushing pain radiating through chest to neck/jaw and down left arm, nausea, perspisration, change in BP, dyspnea
Phelbitis
itis of vein
may cause formation of thrombis
may be deep or superficial
Sickle cell anemia
congential; occuring usually in blacks
characterized by RBC eith hemoglobin defect causing hook shape cell that cant pass through BV/intefere with citculation
hereditary
Varocosities
veins become dialated, twisted, and inefficient
What is varocosities treatments...
exercise,antiembolism, eliminate tight clothing
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