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Biology Chapter 22 Test

Terms in this set (50)

What is a plant?
A multicellular, eukaryotic, non-motile organism that makes its own food, has specialized tissues and organs, has cell walls made of cellulose, and has chlorophyll a and b in its chloroplasts
What are five functions of plants?
Food source, oxygen producers, shelter, lumber, paper
What are the two main groups flowering plants are divided into?
Monocots and Dicots
Monocots and Dicots are named for the number of seed leaves, or ________________ in the plant embryo.
Cotyledons
The first leaf or first pair of leaves produced by the embryo of a plant
Cotyledons
Monocots have how many cotyledons?
One
How are the vascular bundles of Monocots arranged?
They are scattered around the stem.
What do the leaves of monocots look like?
They are long and narrow with parallel veins.
The flower parts of monocots occur in multiples of which number?
Three
What are three examples of monocots?
Bananas, cereal grains, and palms
Dicots have how many cotyledons?
Two
How are the vascular bundles of dicots arranged?
They are arranged in a circle.
What do the leaves of dicots look like?
Broad with branched veins.
The flower parts of dicots occur in multiples of which number?
Four or five
What are five examples of dicots?
Beans, carrots, peas, potatoes, roses
There are more species of __________ than __________.
Dicots; Monocots
What are the types of gymnosperms (cone-producing plants)?
Gnetophytes, cycads, ginkgoes, conifers
The majority of conifers are _________________.
Evergreens
What are four examples of conifers?
Pines, Spruces, Cedars, Sequoias
What is Botany?
The Study of Plants
What are sori?
Clusters or groups of sporangia on a fern
What is a frond?
A fern leaf
What is a plant called when its seeds are found in flowers?
Angiosperm
What are three examples of angiosperms (flowering plants)?
Grasses, flowering trees, wildflowers
Bryophytes are plants that have:
No vascular tissue
Tracheophytes are plants that have:
Vascular tissue
What is vascular tissue?
Tissue that transports food, water, and minerals throughout the plant
What is vascular tissue that moves water from the roots to the leaves?
Xylem
What is the vascular tissue that moves food from the leaves to the roots?
Phloem
What are the three major groups of bryophytes?
Mosses, liverworts, and hornworts
Mosses are the most __________ bryophyte, found in _____________________________________________.
common; swamps, bogs, near streams, and in rain forests
Long, thin cells that anchor the plant and and absorb water and minerals from the soil
Rhizoids
Liverworts reproduce ____________ by gemmae.
Asexually
Small and multicellular reproductive structures with hard protective coverings on liverworts
Gemmae
Plants like liverworts found year-round in damp soil
Hornworts
In ferns, contain the spores on the underside of the fronds and clustered in sori
Sporangia
What is the dominant stage in the Fern life cycle? In the moss life cycle?
The diploid sporophyte; the gametophyte
What is the gametophyte haploid stage in the fern life cycle called? (What the spores grow into)
Prothallium
What is the male-sperm releasing organ in moss and fern gametophytes?
The Antheridium
What is the female egg-containing organ in moss and fern gametophytes?
The Archegonium
What are the four major groups of plants?
Mosses and their relatives, ferns and their relatives, cone-bearing plants, and flowering plants
Plants with stems made up of thick walls that support the plant
Woody Plants
What are three examples of woody plants?
Trees, shrubs, and vines
Plants with stems that have no wood
Herbaceous plants
Plants that complete a life cycle in one growing season
Annuals
What are three examples of annuals?
Marigolds, Cucumbers, and wheat
Plants that complete a life cycle in two years (first year growth, second year blooming and producing seeds)
Biennials
What are two examples of biennials?
Parsely, celery
Flowering plants that live more than two years (have wood you and herbaceous stems)
Perennials
What are three examples of perennials?
Grasses, Asparagus, Palm trees
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