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Science Quiz Valence Electrons 3-21-17

Terms in this set (10)

What are valence electrons? and why are they important?
The electrons that occupy the outer most shell of an atom are called valence electrons.

They are important because they determine how an atom will react. By writing an electron configuration, You'll be able to see how many electrons occupy the highest energy level.
left to right dot diagrams
For group 1 (Lithium and below) one valence electron

For group 2 (Beryllium and below) two valence electrons.

For group 3 (Boron and below) three electrons

For group 4 (carbon and below) four electrons

For group 5 (Nitrogen and below) - three electrons

for group 6 (Oxygen and below) -two electrons

for group 7 (Fluorine and below) - one electrons

For group 8 (Helium and below) 0 electrons
To gain electrons
high effective nuclear charge and low number of energy levels. vice verse for Lose.
When forming ions, does the number of protons or electrons change?
Electrons. When you lose or gain a proton the element changes. But if you gain or lose an electron the element has a charge and the properties might change but is the same element as before.
Ion
an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
Atom
the basic unit of a chemical element.
What is the difference between an atom and an ion?
An atom consists of protons, usually with neutrons and electrons. An ion can be an atom or it can be a molecule, but it has a different number of protons and electrons, so it carries a net electric charge. An atom can be an ion, but not all ions are atoms. There are distinct differences between an atom and an ion
Forming Ionic Compounds
An ionic compound is formed by the complete transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal and the resulting ions have achieved an octet. The protons do not change. Metal atoms in Groups 1-3 lose electrons to non-metal atoms with 5-7 electrons missing in the outer level
Naming Simple Ionic Compounds
http://www.wikihow.com/Name-Ionic-Compounds
Net Electric Charge
An atom contains charged particles namely protons(positively charged) and electrons(-vely charged). Generally they are equal in number resulting in the total/net electric charge of 0. But, electrons can be lost and gained and that decreases and increases -ve charge in the atom resp.

When that happens, you have an ion. And they have non-zero net electric charge.
So, I hope you can see that net electric charge means the sum total of electric charge from all protons and electrons in an atom or an ion and the likes.
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