Glencoe Health Chapter 5

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Nutrition
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Terms in this set (20)
Nutrition
the process by which the body takes in and uses food.
Calories
the units of heat that measure the energy used by the body and the energy that foods supply to the body.
Nutrients
the substances in food that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy.
Hunger
a natural physical drive that protects you from starvation.
Appetite
a desire, rather than a need, to eat.
Carbohydrates
the starches and sugars present in foods.
Sugars
simple carbohydrates.
Starches
complex carbohydrates.
Fiber
an indigestible complex carbohydrate.
Proteins
nutrients that help build and maintain body cells and tissues.
Complete Proteinscontain adequate amounts of all nine essential amino acids.Incomplete Proteinslack one or more of the essential amino acids.Lipida fatty substance that does not dissolve in water.Essential Fatty Acidsfatty acids that the body needs, but cannot produce.Saturated Fatty Acidholds all the hydrogen atoms it can.Unsaturated Fatty Acidhas at least one unsaturated bond - a place where hydrogen can be added to the molecule.Linoleican essential fatty acid that is need for growth and healthy skin.Cholesterola waxy lipidlike substance that circulates in blood.Vitaminscompounds that help regulate many vital body processes, including the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of other nutrients.Mineralssubstances that the body cannot manufacture but that are needed for forming healthy bones and teeth and for regulating many vital body processes.