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Unit 6 Part 2 Vocab BIO II

Terms in this set (40)

Asteroid impact hypothesis
An explanation for mass extinction of most of the dinosaurs; holds that a giant asteroid struck Earth 66mill years ago
Amniotic egg
Type of egg that is produced by reptiles, birds, egg-laying mammals & that contains a large amount of yolk
Amnion
In mammals, birds, & reptiles, the membrane that contains a developing embryo & its surrounding fluid
Yolk sac
Membrane that is attached to a vertebrate embryo & that encloses the yolk & thus stores energy reserves for the developing embryo
Allantois
A membranous sac that acts as an organ of respiration & nutrition for the embryo; in humans, its blood vessels become the blood vessels of the umbilical cord
Chorion
Outer membrane that surrounds an embryo
Albumen
White of an egg, composed primarily of a protein
Keratin
A hard protein that forms hair, bird feathers, nails, & horns
Septum
A dividing wall, or partition, such as the wall between adjacent cells in a fungal hypha, the internal wall between adjacent segments of an annelid, & the thick wall between right & left chambers of heart
Alveolus
Any of the tiny air cells of the lungs where oxygen & carbon dioxide are exchanged
Jacobson's organ
An olfactory sac that opens into the mouth & is highly developed in reptiles
Thermoregulation
Processes by which the body regulates internal temperature
Ectotherm
Organism that needs sources of heat outside itself
Endotherm
Animal that can generate body heat through metabolism & can maintain a constant body temperature despite temp. changes in the animal's environment
Oviparity
In egg-laying amniotes, a reproductive method in which the female's reproductive tract encloses each egg in a tough, protective shell
Ovoviviparity
In amniotes, a reproductive method wherein shelled eggs are produced, develop, and sometimes hatch inside the body of the mother
Viviparity
In amniotes, a reproductive method in which eggs that lack shells are produced and develop inside body of mother, who then gives birth to the offspring
Placenta
Structure that attaches developing fetus to uterus and that enables exchange of nutrients, wastes, & gases between mother and fetus
Carapace
Shieldlike plate that covers the cephalothorax of some Crustaceans and reptiles
Plastron
Bottom, or ventral, portion of a turtle's shell
Autotomy
Ability of an organism to drop a body part, and usually regenerate a new one
Constrictor
A snake that kills its prey by crushing and suffocating it
Elapid
A venomous snake that has two small, fixed fangs in front of its mouth
Viper
Venomous snake that has two large mobile fangs in front of mouth
Furcula
In Birds, fused part of collarbone, commonly called wishbone
Follicle
Small, narrow cavity in an organ or tissue, such as the ones of skin that contain hair roots
Barbule
a minute filament projecting from the barb of a feather
Preen gland
In Birds, a special gland that secretes oil that a bird spreads over its feathers to clean and waterproof them
Sternum
In Birds, the large, keel-shaped pectoral bone to which flight muscles attach
Pygostyle
In Birds, fused terminal vertebrae of the spine; supports tail feathers
Crop
In digestive systems of birds and some invertebrates, a Sac or pouch that temporarily stores food
Proventriculus
The first of the two chambers of the stomach of birds
Gizzard
Enlargement of digestive tract of some invertebrates that grinds food
Vas deferens
A duct through which sperm move from epididymis to the ejaculatory duct at base of penis
Oviduct
Tube that leads from ovary to uterus
Brood patch
On abdomen of birds, a thickened, featherless patch of skin that is used for incubating eggs
Precocial
Describe species of birds or mammals whose young are born at advanced stage of development, with open eyes and ability to walk and run almost immediately
Altricial
Describes organisms that are not very developed when born in that require care or nursing
Syrinx
Sound-producing organ of birds
Crop milk
Nutritious milk like fluid secreted by the crop of pigeons and doves to feed their young
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