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Aural Rehab Quiz 3

Terms in this set (48)

Visemes
Sounds like look alike such as p,b, and m
Homophenes
Words that look alike when spoken although they sound different
Influencing factors of visual reception
- Noise
- Degree of HL
- Features (place, manner, voicing)
- Bisensory gain
- Distance
- Familiarity of speaker
- Knowledge of topic
- Angle
- Lighting
- Obstructions/hands in mouth
- Sunglasses
Message Redundancy
- Enhances the predictability of a message
- Allows the receiver to predict missed information from the bits of information that have been perceived
Hierarchy for Visual Training
- Start with sounds that are visible
- Vary items based on visibility
- Vary length of stimulus
- Vary distance
- Closed set to open set
- Situational cues to no context
Communication Debate
Focuses on how to provide language to children who are deaf
Barrier for choosing ASL
Get great practice at school for the deaf but not as much at home if the family doesn't learn it well enough
Parent Involvement
It is often the degree of _______________ with the program that seems to make the greatest different
Auditory Verbal
- Program emphasizing auditory skills
- Focuses on auditory skills through the use of residual hearing and consistent use of amplification
- Speech reading is discouraged
- Work on spoken and written communication
American Sign Language
- Manual language that is distinct from spoken English
- Has its own grammar and syntax
- Intended to be the primary language with written English as a second language (BiBi)
Auditory Oral
- Maximum use of residual hearing and stresses the use of speech reading
- Manual communication discouraged
- Work on spoken and written communication
Cued Speech
- Visual communication system that represents different sounds of speech
- Used while talking to make spoken language clear through vision
- Allows child to distinguish sounds on the mouth that look the same
Total Communication
- Utilizes every and all means to communicate with a deaf child
-The child is exposed to a formal sign-language system, finger spelling, natural gestures, speech reading, body language, oral speech and use of amplification, and cued speech
- Communicate and teach language and vocab in any manner that works
Predictors of early language development in children with hearing loss
- Age of identification
- Cognitive status
- Other diagnosis
40%
Up to _____ of children with hearing loss have other special needs
Cognitive Impairment
Can have significant impact on auditory perception and linguistic competence in kids
30%
Percent of hispanics in the US with hearing loss
Spanish
Most common language in the American home besides English
Cultural Differences
- Personal space
- Degree of eye contact
- Wait time
- Directness
- Forms of address
Ways to represent cultural diversity in therapy
Use pictures or dolls in therapy that represent culturally diverse people
Social routines that fit in with the family
- Diaper changing
- Feeding
- Bathing
- Dressing
- Rocking and singing
Family status issues
- Financial difficulties
- Unstable housing
- Stress
- Transporation
- Health issues
26 weeks gestation
Babies are hearing and start to interact with their environment
3 months
By birth (40 weeks) babies have already had __________ of hearing
Parentese
When hearing adults communicate with hearing infants they alter their speech patterns in order to maintain the child's attention
Deaf Parentese
Deaf mothers place signs closer to the infant, orient the palm so that the full hand is visible to the infant, maintain full-face visibility, direct eye gaze to the infant, and lengthen sign by repeating the same movement
Deaf prelinguistic stage
- Still eat, sleep, and cry if they are hungry or uncomfortable
- Respond to noise when it is accompanied by vibration
- Often miss a critical precursor to language development: access to acoustic stimuli
Mabbling
- Consists of simple production or repetitions of the basic components of a sign, such as isolated hand shapes or movements
- Changes into meaningful signed communication in the same way as babbling changes into spoken words
40 million
By age 4, a child with normal hearing has heard over ___ words
10 million
By age 4, a child with hearing loss has heard over ____ words
Speech Perception
- Begins with the recognition that what is heard is speech and not noise
- Differentiation is based on the recognition that what is heard is patterned, uttered in a communicative environment, or is addressed to someone
Syntax impairments with hearing loss
- Overuse of subject-verb-object sentence structure
- Difficulty with passive structure (the cat was chased by the dog, instead of the dog chased the cat)
Pragmatics
The ability to adapt your behavior effectively based on the situation and what you know about the people in the situation for them to react and respond to you in the manner you had hoped
Joint Attention
A milestone in infancy that occurs when babies naturally learn to look at people's eyes and follow what they are looking at to figure out what they are thinking about
Social Competence
- Share space together effectively
- Play well with others
- Empathize emotionally
- Emotionally self-regulate
- Share information that provides clarity to the listener
Before assessment
- Check proper function of hearing aids or CI
- Make sure test environment is quiet
- Get full access to speech reading cues
- Check proficiency in child's primary communication mode
What needs to be assessed?
- Receptive language
- Expressive language
- Speech intelligibility
Communication checklists
- Scales of Early Communication Skills
- SKI-HI Language Development Scale
- Early Language Milestone Scale
Language Sample
- MLU
- Spontaneous Language Analysis Procedure (SLAP)
- Brown's Morphemes
Formal Language Tests
- PPVT
- EVT (Expressive Vocab Test)
- Receptive One Word Picture Vocab Test
- Expressive One Word Picture Vocab Test
- Test of Language Development (TOLD)
Speech Intelligibility
- Refers to how much of what a speaker says can be understood by a listener
- Affects daily communication and also perceptions of cognitive competence and personality
1/5
Only about _____ words children with profound hearing loss say can be understood by a listener who is unfamiliar with the speech of this group
Why would vowels be hard for deaf people to produce?
They're hard to feel in the mouth with the tongue and other articulators
Why would consonants be hard for deaf people to produce?
They can't hear themselves make these sounds, so they have to work more on placement
Prolonged articulatory contacts
Distorted articulation in the speech of hearing impaired children is also defined by...
Respiration
Deaf speakers have difficulty controlling ___________ for speech because they tend to use too much air per syllable
Intonation
Used to mark the ending of a phrase, to differentiate a question and sometimes to change meaning
Speech Evaluation
- Articulation
- Voice
- Goldman Fristoe
- Speech sample
- Voice quality
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