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embryology (Teratogens)

Terms in this set (20)

3-8th week. 2-12t week
When is the fetus most at risk of damage from teratogens?
Alcohol (FAS)
This is the leading cause of birth defects and MR.
Renal Damage
What are the effects on the fetus from ACE inhibitors?
Aminoglycosides
The effects of this teratogen is CN VIII (vestibulocochlear) anomalies.
Placental abruptions, PROM, prematurity, behavioral and attention problems later in school. Withdrawal.
What are the effects of cocaine on the developing fetus?
Lack or excess of Iodide and radioactive iodine.
This can cause congenital goiter or hypothyroidism.
Lithium
This can cause Ebstein's anomaly (atrialized right ventricle) and congestive heart disease.
Prematurity, large birth weight baby, rarely caudal regression syndrome
What are the effects of maternal diabetes on the fetus?
Preterm labor, placental abnormalities, IUGR, and ADHD.
Smoking can cause these adverse effects in the neonate.
Tetracyclines
This drug can cause bone abnormalities and the permanent staining of teeth in the developing fetus.
Thalidomide
A drug that used to be given to mom to offset morning sickness. However it has effects on the fetus similar to accutane, and it caused so many serious birth defects that it is considered one of the worst medical mistakes ever committed. The defects include flipper limbs, and extra digits.
Valproate
This anti-epileptic decreases intestinal absorption of folate and is therefore contraindicated in pregnancy. It can cause spina bifida.
Warfarin
This medication can cause bone deformities in a fetus, hypoplastic nasal bridge, chrodysplasia punctata, fetal hemorrhage and abortion.
Excess Vitamin A
This vitamin taken in excess has an extremely high risk for spontaneous abortions and birth defects (cleft palate and cardiac anomalies).
Isotretinoin (Accutane
This drug causes facial and ear anomalies as well as congenital heart disease.
penicillamine
This drug causes cutis laxa syndrome. (loose hanging skin)
phenytoin (dilantin)
This drug can cause hypoplastic nails, IUGR, and cleft lip and palate in the neonate.
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
This drug can cause vaginal adenocarcinoma in a daughter during adolescence when her mom takes it during pregnancy.
Streptomycin
This drug can cause congenital deafness.
Trimethadione (Tridione) an AED
This drug can cause typical facies, and CHD in a neonate.
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