Beyond speech sounds

Term
1 / 13
Categorical Perception results from experience w/ non-necessary arrangements of category boundaries, those that are used in performing some task in a culture will be used frequently
Click the card to flip 👆
Terms in this set (13)
Categorical Perception results from experience w/ non-necessary arrangements of category boundaries, those that are used in performing some task in a culture will be used frequently
...
In Russian there are 2 colors that English considers to be two versions of the same color:
For example, English speakers call both light blue and dark blue, different versions of "blue" but in Russia there are 2 words, one for "light blue" and another for "dark blue"
Because of this, Russians are able to match swatches more quickly when the candidates cross the single-word category boundary [siniy: dark blue, goluboy: light blue than when they are both in the same word category [both siniy];
For English speakers there was no distinctions in their timing of English matches
Blue in russia:
Operates on meanings and not sounds

--We should look for meaning boundaries that go beyond word boundaries [count/mass noun distinction or other grammar distinctions]
For Mirror-Image tasks:
Non-literates in Mopan, Tzeltal, Yucatec, Totonac, Kilvila did not distinguish between mirror-images where as literates were more likely to

--Tamil is the exception though.. what happened?
Language-related cateogrical perception operates on vision and hearing
...
In the Tamil syllabry there are no mirror-image contrasts anywhere
therefore this cements the connection of mirror-image differentiation ... literates AND non-literates could not differentiate between them
Experiences other than roman-alphabet literacy can faciliatate mirror-image differentiation:
for example, NON-LITERATE Brazilian lacemakers make the mirror-image distinction the best, because they deal with mirror-images daily!
In some languages even Literates had trouble distinguishing between mirror-images why is that?
In some languages (like in Mayan language) there isn't a word to distinguish relationships among other figures so the letters: 'b and d' look the same to them

In Yucatec: there ARE words for right and left
In addition for 3D objects:
Mopan literates would say there is no difference between 2 mirror images, but U.S. literates would say that there is one
2 sources on the language effects on thought:Cognitive Tool and Dimension of ContrastCognitive Tool[counting, spatial vocab]-domain is not found in some languages -explicitly taught -individual differences in mastery -difference across languages that have this domain is in the basic architecture (different bases in counting)Dimension of Contrast [sounds, count-mass distinction]-all languages have the domain -difference across languages is in where boundaries lie within the doman -it is required unconsciously -and all speakers have mastery of it