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Social Psychology

Terms in this set (29)

Social psychology
study of causes and consequences of sociality and is very difficult to study experimental because of ethical reasons; argued that behavior must include cooperation
Self concept
is stable and promotes consistent behavior
Self verification
is the tendency to seek evidence to confirm the self concept
Markus
claimed that we use traits or self schemas to define ourselves
Groups
favorited and increased trust within people in the group
Prejudice
evaluation based on group status, positive or negative
Discrimination
positive or negative behavior based towards people in a certain group, more of an action
Attribution
interference about the cause of a persons behavior
Situational attribution
some external cause (we used this for ourselves, justification)
Dispositional attribution
some internal cause (we use this more on others, justification)
Hedonic motive
experience pleasure and avoid pain
Approval notice
to be accepted and not rejected
accuracy motive
to be right and to believe what is correct, not what is wrong
Situationists
argue that the situation is far more important than personality traits in determining behavior
Social-cognitive approach
Approach that views personality in terms of how the person thinks about the situations (and people) encountered in daily life and behaves in response to them
Interactionists
The effect of personality on behavior depends on the situation and vice versa
purely behaviorist perspective
Situations would directly cause behavior, no thinking required
Actor-observer effect
Tendency to make situational attributions for our own behaviors while making dispositional attributions for the identical behavior of others
Fundamental Attribution Error
Tendency to make a dispositional attribution even when a person's behavior was caused by the situation
Stereotyping
Process by which people draw inferences about others based on their knowledge of the categories/groups to which others belong.
Perpetual confirmation
When observers perceive what they expect to perceive
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Tendency for people to cause what they expect to see
Subtyping
Tendency for people who are faced with disconfirming evidence to modify their stereotypes rather than abandon them
Cognitive Component
Your thoughts and beliefs about the subject.
E.g., spiders are dangerous
Affective Component
How the object, person, issue or event makes you feel.
E.g., I am afraid of spiders
Behavioral Component
Behavioral Component: How the attitude influences your behavior.
E.g., If I see a spider, I scream and run away
Cognitive dissonance
Unpleasant state that arises when a person recognizes the inconsistency of his or her actions, attitudes, or beliefs
Group polarization
the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than any member would have made alone
Common knowledge effect
the tendency for group discussions to focus on information that all members share
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