AICE Marine Unit 15

what is the application of biological processes for industrial and other purposes
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Terms in this set (28)
what is the application of biological processes for industrial and other purposes
biotechnology
What is an example of biotechnology?
inserting fish DNA to make fruit bruise resistant
What involves the use of living microorganisms to make commercially important products
biotechnology
What is a particular variety of a gene?
allele
what is a sequence of nucleotides in an organism's DNA that codes for the production of a particular protein
gene
what is the genetic constitution of an individual organism
genotype
what is the observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment
Phenotype
what is the modification of organisms by changing their genetic material
genetic engineering
what is the process by which humans use animal and plant breeding to develop particular characteristics selectively
selective breeding
what is a strategy to cope with possible risks where scientific understanding is yet incomplete
precautionary principle
define genotypespecific genes of an organismdefine phenotypethe physical appearance or particular character of an organismwhat is an alternative form of a single gene passed from generation to generationallelan organism with two different alleles for a particular trait is whatheterozygouswhat do you think are the two macromolecules used most commonly for biotechnologyproteins and nucleic acidswhat comes after DNARNAwhat comes after RNAproteinwhat is the copying of the information contained in one segment or gene within the DNA into an RNA moleculetranscriptionwhat is the "reading" of the information contained in an RNA molecule to make a proteintranslationThe first step in protein synthesis is what, which occurs in the whattranscription, nucleusWhat acts as a means of regulating the expression of the genepromoterswhat indicates the place at which the process or transcription should startpromotersWhat is the first organisms to be genetically modified using recombinant DNA technologyGenetically Modified OrganismWhat is the most commonly used method of introducing a new gene into the host celluse a virus as a vector for gene transferWhat happens inside the host cell with a new geneit may attach to the DNA but will do so more or less in a random placeBefore the transfer of certain genes, what may be attacheda promoterwhat is DNA that has been formed artificially by combining constituents from other organismsrecombinant DNAwhat protein exhibits bright green fluorescent when exposed to light in the blue or ultraviolet rangeGreen Fluorescent Protein (GFP)