Exam 2 Quizzes

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Why do neurons hyperpolarize at the end of an action potential?
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Why do neurons hyperpolarize at the end of an action potential?
because some potassium channels are still open at the end of repolarization
Graded potentials
spread out from the point where the stimulus occurred
weaken in strength as they move further from the point of stimulation
In a neuron at rest, potassium ion concentrations are higher on the ____ of a neuron and sodium ion concentrations are higher on the ____ of a neuron.
inside, outside
Which of these is a valid classification of neurons based on function?
-unipolar neuron
-multipolar neuron
-motor neuron
-bipolar neuron
motor neuron
In what part of a neuron is an action potential started/generated?
axon hillock
The initial depolarization phase of an action potential is caused when large numbers of sodium ions enter the neuron. True or False?
True
The presence of myelin allows an axon to
speed the conduction of impulses (action potential) more rapidly
In a neuron, which of the following proteins requires ATP to function?
-ligand-gated channels
-sodium potassium pumps
-voltage-gated channels
-leakage channels
-all
sodium potassium channels
Which of these glial cells is NOT found in the central nervous system?
-satellite cells
-ependymal cells
-oligodendrocytes
-astrocytes
satellite cells
A weak graded potential produces a weak action potential, while a strong graded potential creates a strong action potential. True or False?
False
What fluid-filled structure is found at the center of the spinal cord?central canalThe cerebellum is responsible for controlling ____.fine motor control as well as balance and equilibriumMonoamine oxidase would degrade which neurotransmitter?serotoninHormones are produced in which brain structures?hypothalamus & pituitary gland____ found in the choroid plexus of the ventricles secrete cerebrospinal fluid.Ependymal cellsThe opening of what type of voltage-gated channel is responsible for initiating the release of neurotransmitters from vesicles in the axon terminal?calciumWhich of these is NOT a cerebral lobe? A. occipital B. frontal C. subdural D. insula E. temporalsubduralSaltatory propagation of an action potential occurs in myelinated axons. True or False?TrueWhich of these activities would be under the control of the limbic system?emotions like anger and fearIn the cerebrum, both the cortex and the three nuclei are composed of white matter. True or False?FalseThe pancreas could be considered a part of the endocrine system because it produces and releases hormones. True or False?TrueNicotinic receptors would be found on all of the following targets, EXCEPT A. postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system B. postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system C. skeletal muscle D. smooth muscle in the digestive tract E. neurons in the brain and spinal cordsmooth muscle in the digestive tractA pain stimulus would be detected by a mechanoreceptor. True or False?FalseWhich of these is an example of hormonal stimulation in the endocrine system?the binding of a hormone to receptors on an endocrine gland stimulates that endocrine glandWhich of these would cause your heart rate to increase?a norepinephrine agonist and a muscarinic receptor antagonistMost hormones areamino acid basedWhich of these is NOT a response to stimulation by the parasympathetic nervous system? A. digestive activity increases B. bronchioles (airways) in the lungs constrict C. pupils dilate D. blood flow to non-essential organs is increased E. the force of cardiac contractions decreases and heart rate slowspupils dilateWhat can a target cell do to increase its responsiveness and sensitivity to a hormone?they can up-regulate receptorsIn which portion of a reflex arc would you find an interneuron?integration centerAll of the following are characteristics of the sympathetic nervous system, except one. Which characteristic does NOT correctly describe the sympathetic nervous system? uses a two neuron pathway, and the two neurons synapse inside a ganglion B. the preganglionic neuron releases ACh to stimulate an action potential in the postganglionic neuron C. the sympathetic nervous system typically undergoes mass activation where multiple organs and tissues are stimulated simultaneously D. sympathetic neurons originate in the central portion of the spinal cord between vertebrae T1 and L2.all are characteristics of the SNS