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Mr. Price AP Euro Unit 10 Test

Terms in this set (127)

Public ownership employment cost profit
Great Britain (1)...
Clement Attlee and creation of welfare state (1)...
_____ was the take over of railroads, airlines, automakers, coal mines, steel mills in order to maximize _____ and sell things at the minimum _____ to minimize _____. This would he good for the population.
Public assistance
Great Britain (2)...
Clement Attlee and creation of welfare state (2)...
_____ socialized medicine and housing (many destroyed in German bombing).
Colonies demilitarization taxes
Great Britain (3)...
Clement Attlee and creation of welfare state (3)...
This was all very expensive. Attlee would pay for it by getting rid of the _____ (they cost money, not make money), _____ (they can't do this it turns out) and raise _____ a great deal.
India Gandhi partition
Great Britain (4)...
Clement Attlee and dismantling the empire (1)...
Attlee attempted to pull out of _____. The muslims and Hindus won't get along. _____ wants to create a single unified indian state where everyone loves each other, so he's assassinated. In order to solve this, the British _____ India (1947) and give the Muslims their own land and Hindus their own land.
Arabs Jews UN
Great Britain (5)...
Clement Attlee and dismantling the empire (2)...
The Palestine problem: there were promises of aide to both _____ and _____. The British leaves this issue to the _____.
Commonwealth of Nations
Great Britain (6)...
Clement Attlee and dismantling the empire (3)...
The _____ is an association of Britain and all of their old colonies who wish to stay in union with Britain.
Churchill eden McMillian
Great Britain (7)...
Conservatives return (1)...
_____ is prime minister from 1951-55 (he is 77 when he starts and he isn't up to the job mentally; he is forced to resign), _____ (life long diplomat, who was behind the scenes) was prime minister from 1955-57, _____ was prime minister from 1957-64.
Welfare
Great Britain (8)...
Conservatives Return (2)...
Even though they complain about the _____ state, the conservatives won't do away with it. They cut some money but it's so popular so there's no way they'll do away with it.
Mau-Mau Rebellion terrorist white
Great Britain (9)...
Conservatives Return - Foreign Policy Issues (1)...
The _____ in Kenya '54 refers to a tribal group in Kenya who wanted to drive the British out and resorted to _____ campaigns directed against all the _____ people. 10% of Kenyan population was white at this time.
Suez Nasser Suez Canal French eden
Great Britain (10)...
Conservatives Return - Foreign Policy Issues (2)...
The _____ Crisis and War '57 refers to the time when _____ wanted to get the British out of Egypt and then they retreated to the _____. (B2) wanted to nationalize the (B3) and make it Egyptian property. The _____ came to British aid. The British were forced out of Egypt and _____ was forced to resign.
McMillian independence nationalism winds of change
Great Britain (11)...
Conservatives Return - Foreign Policy Issues (3)...
The man who replaces Eden is _____. He is a visionary and is willing to move faster on the subject of granting _____ to the remaining colonies. During this time, African _____ was on the rise. McMillan makes a speech and tells the South African government that things have to change (_____). This made him very popular.
Profumo Scandal John Profumo call girl Russian resigned Harold Wilson
Great Britain (12)...
Conservatives Return - Foreign Policy Issues (4)...
The _____ (which brings down the government) '63 was when _____ (War minister in Macmillan's cabinet) had been entertained by a "high priced _____". One of her other clients was a _____ diplomat from the embassy in London. This is the middle of the Cold War. Newspapers accused him of sharing state secrets during his meetings with the call girl. Macmillan hired Profumo and took responsibility and then _____. _____ of the Labour Party fills in.
Ulster IRA British Protestant bombings
Great Britain (13)...
Conservatives Return - Labour Government (1)...
British still owns _____ (Protestant part of Ireland in the north). The Catholics of Northern Ireland kept demanding their territory be connected to the rest of Ireland. The Irish Catholics cause is being championed by the revised _____. These go from peaceful protests to violent attacks on _____ institutions and _____ territories. Along with this, Protestant militias come up again. Finally, the British army has to come in to keep them separate and eventually both sides are attacking British soldiers. This campaign is then taken to Britain and _____ occur.
Social tax
Great Britain (14)...
Conservatives Return - Labour Government (2)...
The Labour Party increased its _____ spending. This led to more _____ increases.
Inflation
Great Britain (15)...
Conservatives Return - Labour Government (3)...
Increased government spending results in a steep _____.
Margaret Thatcher Right moderate
Great Britain (16)...
Conservatives Return - Margaret Thatcher (1)...
In 1979, the Labour Party is out of power and _____ (conservative and first woman prime minister) is a part of a _____ wing revival. She criticized her party for being too willing to be _____ when conservative action was needed.
Thatcherism
Great Britain (17)...
Conservatives Return - Margaret Thatcher (2)...
Economically, "_____" attacked the welfare state (economy revives and conservatives love her).
Deregulation initiatives
Great Britain (18)...
Conservatives Return - Margaret Thatcher (3)...
_____ was when the government is going to try and cut the red tape and stop micromanaging businesses and such. This essentially allows more _____ to be taken without the government's oversight.
Privatization
Great Britain (19)...
Conservatives Return - Margaret Thatcher (4)...
_____ was to sell off things to privatize businesses (government no longer in charge).
Trade unions pay strikes
Great Britain (20)...
Conservatives Return - Margaret Thatcher (5)...
Reduce power of _____ which meant no more _____ increases and no negotiation with _____.
Nuclear submarine army Air Force
Great Britain (21)...
Conservatives Return - Margaret Thatcher (6)...
Defense Spending referred to _____ spending, enlarged _____, increased _____ (all to be tough with the Soviet Union).
Communist
Great Britain (22)...
Conservatives Return - Margaret Thatcher (7)...
Margaret Thatcher was very Anti-_____.
Falkland Islands War colony refueling British argentines war
Great Britain (23)...
Conservatives Return - Margaret Thatcher (8)...
The _____ took place off the coast of Argentina. They were a British _____ and _____ station around Cape Horn. People who settle here are English. The people want to be a _____ colony, but the _____ want them to be a part of their country. They seize the falklands. British declares _____ on Argentina. The British won.
Tony Blair center
Great Britain (24)...
Conservatives Return - Tony Blair (1)...
_____ (PM 1997-2007) pushes "New Labour" and returned them to office by moving Party to _____.
Devolution Scottish Welch appease
Great Britain (25)...
Conservatives Return - Tony Blair (2)...
_____ is the process of allowing the smaller political units within the U.K. More right to decide matters for themselves. Practically this allows the creation of a _____ and _____ parliament to deal with the increasing nationalism of these places. This was a ploy to _____ these places.
Good Friday Agreement Ireland London Protestants Catholics weapons
Great Britain (26)...
Conservatives Return - Tony Blair (3)...
_____ (1998) allows for power sharing in Northern Ireland. This is going to essentially set up a way of north Ireland that consults the Republic of _____, government of _____, north Irish _____ and _____. In return for this, the IRA gave up their _____. This was huge in peace keeping being able to move the violence off the table.
Provisional
France (1)...
After WWII, De Gaulle had set up _____ government
Fourth Republic parliament executive
France (2)...
Fourth Republic (1)...
It set up the _____ 1946-58. France now has a strong _____ system and a weak _____.
Center-left Welfare
France (3)...
Fourth Republic (2)...
Dominated by _____ coalition who try to install a _____ state.
25 executive cabinet
France (4)...
Fourth Republic (3)...
The fourth republic had _____ governments in 12 years, so there was a weak _____ and unstable _____.
Britain
France (5)...
Fourth Republic (4)...
Governmental policies similar to _____'s.
Foreign policy
France (6)...
De Gaulle's Colonial Troubles...
_____ is the Fourth Republic's undoing.
Ho Chi Minh Viet Minh nationalists suspiciously land
France (7)...
De Gaulle's Colonial Troubles - Indochina (1)...
_____ was expecting that Vietnam would get its independence after WWII. (B1) was a Marxist. His movement was the _____. This was a movement of Vietnamese _____. When the war was over, there was a conference held in Paris that he attended. As the Cold War begins, the Americans look at him _____ and the French want the _____ back...
Vietnam Viet Minh
France (8)...
De Gaulle's Colonial Troubles - Indochina (2)...
French occupy _____. _____ turn their attention against the French now.
Dien Bien Phu Viet Minh aircraft surrendered
France (9)...
De Gaulle's Colonial Troubles - Indochina (3)...
The French lost most of the country side and held some of the cities. They thought they might be able to inflict a serious blow to the Viet Minh and they came up with a plan that was centered at _____. They purposely reinforced it; however, it was in an area dominated by the _____. The idea was they would lure them out into making an open attack. The Viet Minh were equipped with anti-_____, so the French Air Force couldn't do its job and the Viet Minh cut off the people in Dien bien Phu from the west. After this is all said and done, the French _____ the fort. At this point the French decide to negotiate.
Geneva Conference laos Cambodia Ho Chi Minh democracy
France (10)...
De Gaulle's Colonial Troubles - Indochina (4)...
_____ of 1954 results in French withdrawal and partition. This would determine the future of Indo-China. _____ and _____ would get independence and Vietnam would be divided. _____ in north, western _____ in south.
Fourth Republic white French leaving
France (11)...
De Gaulle's Colonial Troubles - Algerian Crisis (1)...
Algerian Crisis brings end to _____. 20% of the Algerian population were _____ people. They had been there for generations and were well established and fairly prosperous. They had no intention of _____.
Arab Independence
France (12)...
De Gaulle's Colonial Troubles - Algerian Crisis (2)...
_____ revolt begins demanding algeria's _____.
Army mutiny Spain
France (13)...
De Gaulle's Colonial Troubles - Algerian Crisis (3)...
An _____ takes over government of algeria and the 4th republic is threatened. The army stationed in Algeria will seize control of the colony. It was felt that this was too close to what happened in _____ in 1936 (Franco).
Constitution power fifth republic
France (14)...
De Gaulle's Colonial Troubles - Algerian Crisis (4)...
De Gaulle essentially says he'll come back and save France. He will need a _____ that gives him some _____. This is the (B1) of the _____.
President Power foreign army prime minister
France (15)...
De Gaulle's Colonial Troubles - Algerian Crisis (5)...
He is elected _____ of the new Fifth Republic (1958- ). The (B1) of the 5th republic in France has way more _____ now. He controls _____ policy, _____, can appoint _____, etc.
Arab nationalists military independence civil War
France (16)...
De Gaulle's Colonial Troubles - Algerian Crisis (6)...
He thinks it's impossible to win a war against the _____. In order to diffuse this situation he appointed a committee and very carefully replaced people in the _____ with people he can trust. By doing this he's confident that when he finally announces Algeria will get their _____ there won't be a _____.
NATO
France (17)...
De Gaulle - Independent Foreign Policy (1)...
He takes France out of _____, France was an original member.
Quebec
France (18)...
De Gaulle - Independent Foreign Policy (2)...
He announced in a speech that _____ needed to separate from Canada and become its own independent country.
Israel Arab
France (19)...
De Gaulle - Independent Foreign Policy (3)...
He veers the foreign policy of France away from its support of _____ to support of the _____ world instead.
Events of May austerity measures protests general strike vote of confidence
France (20)...
De Gaulle - Events of May...
De Gaulle is forced from power due to the "_____". In order to deal with inflation, de Gaulle announces _____ (cuts in government spending). The French had become comfortable with all the things they had before. The cuts led to _____ and in the late '60s, the students in France called for a _____. This was listened to by the unions and there was a huge paralyzingly strike. De Gaulle wanted to get a _____ for his policies and show the countryside was still on his side.
Elections resigned republicans
France (21)...
De Gaulle - Out of Office...
He calls for new _____ and hopes to be returned. He didn't receive the vote of confidence that he wanted and he _____. The party of De Gaulle is now the _____ in France.
Francois Mitterrand socialists Gaullists co-habitation social welfare
France (22)...
Francois Mitterrand...
_____ (d. 1996) begins a period of socialist rule. Although he was elected, the French parliament was not dominated by the _____ but rather by the _____. This was known as the period of _____. This was a period of compromise. There were some _____ policies put into place, but by-and-large it's not as left wing as you might think
Jacques Chirac Nicholas Sarkozy
France (23)...
Jacques Chirac and Nicholas Sarkozy...
_____ is long time mayor of Paris and leader of Gaullists. He is followed by _____.
Federal republic people's republic
West Germany (1)...
West Germany becomes the _____ of Germany and the east becomes the _____ of Germany led by soviets.
Christian Democrat center party Catholic Church
West Germany (2)...
Konrad Adenauer (1)...
He was a typical _____. This is essentially the same as what the _____ had been. It's a party sponsored by the _____. Christian here can equal catholic. Lots of Catholic countries had parties like this one: Italy, Spain, Belgium, New Austria, etc.
Marshall Plan Americans communism success
West Germany (3)...
Konrad Adenauer (2)...
The _____ is a program that is technically called the European recovery program which was to provide economic aid for the economic rebuilding of Europe after the war. The _____ would provide the aid. The idea was if we were able to get them back in their feet they would be less likely to turn towards _____. It had tons of _____ in west Germany.
Democracy communist hallstein doctrine east Germany exist
West Germany (4)...
Konrad Adenauer (3)...
He Embraced _____ and was Firmly anti-______ an example of this was the _____. West Germany had as a policy something named for one of their foreign ministers. This says if any country recognizes _____ as legitimate they may not have diplomatic relations with west Germany nor will they trade with them. This essentially says east Germany doesn't actually _____.
Strongest economy unemployment
West Germany (5)...
Konrad Adenauer (4)...
The economic miracle is the fact that Germany which had been bombed to holy hell by 1960 has the _____ in Europe. This time saw less than 1% of _____.
Rebuilding Nazi debt colonies Marshall plan factories
West Germany (6)...
Konrad Adenauer (5)...
During his rule, Germany saw a time of _____. _____ had been repudiated and other countries had debt they had to deal with. There was no cost of _____ to worry about. They received Foreign aid through the _____. New _____ produced very high quality products. All these are very up to date and high tech.
West Berlin Berlin Wall Ostpolitik Hallstein Doctrine
West Germany (7)...
Willy Brandt...
He was the mayor of _____ which gave him a whole different perspective on the communist east. He was mayor when _____ was built. His ultimate goal was the _____ (to find a way to open up to the east). He was Major figure of 1960s and 70s and a Social Democrat. He repeals _____ and tries to negotiate as much as he can with the East Germans.
Green Party socialists christian democrats
West Germany (8)...
Green Party...
The left wing split with emergence of the _____ (becomes important throughout west Europe). It is a movement based on ecology and environmental protection. This is very progressive alternative to the _____ who seemed to be weak. This originated in Western Europe. This took so many votes from the socialists on the left, the _____ were dominate from this point onward.
Communist unification east west
West Germany (9)...
Helmut Kohl...
He was known for being anti-_____ but also he has the additional point in history of being the one who had to preside over the re-_____ of Germany. This was glorious, but also very problematic since _____ Germany was so far behind _____ Germany.
Republic communist Vatican CIA communist Alcide de Gasperi
Italy (1)...
When new elections were placed it was established Italy would once again be a _____ (they were tired of fascism). When elections were to be held for Italian presidency, people were worried a _____ leader would be elected. At this point, the US entered into an alliance with the _____. So the US _____ started pump money into Italy and pressure other non communist parties to drop out. The Vatican threatened to excommunicate people who voted _____. This was also the first Italian election where women could vote. They literally used CIA money to round up convents of nuns to go vote against the communists. The leader of the Italian Christian democrats, _____ became president of Italy.
Marshall plan
Italy (2)...
Italy welcomed _____ aid.
Christian democrats communists
Italy (3)...
After Gasperi's death, the _____ made coalitions with the Italian socialists at this time. By '53 there was a United center-left party that became fairly strong (they wouldn't side with _____)
Economy northern southern
Italy (4)...
Im the 1950s they had the 2nd strongest _____ at this time. However, _____ Italy prospered much more than _____ Italy.
Years of Lead Moro red brigade
Italy (5)...
Terrorist problems plague Italy during the "_____" culminating when the PM of Italy (____) was kidnapped by the _____ and demanded all sorts of ransom for his release. The Italian government refused to negotiate and he was murdered
Sectionalism Lombard League
Italy (6)...
_____ major issue as move into 1990s. the _____ petitioned peacefully to break Italy up since north was rich and south was poor.
Franco communist air base
Spain (1)...
European democracy wanted nothing to do with _____ and Spain; however, the United States liked him because he was an anti-_____ fascist. Eisenhower and company agreed to send them aid in return for a US _____ in Spain
Monarchy Juan Carlos constitutional
Spain (2)...
In Franco's will he demanded the _____ be restored in Spain. _____ understands an absolute monarch wouldn't do well so he calls for a _____ monarchy to begin.
PETA Basque Catalans
Spain (3)...
At this time, there were continued problems with separatist movements: _____, _____ (a unique ethnic group in the Pyrenees mountains who want a separate state who have resorted to terrorism), _____, etc.
Great Depression Salazar
Portugal (1)...
In the period of the _____, there was a military coup. This is when General _____ took over. Thisnresulted in a long lasting dictatorship (1932-68).
New State corporatist fascist
Portugal (2)...
Right-wing "_____" essentially Fascist. This is a _____ model. This isn't _____ because he's not joining with the others in WWII.
Colonies Angola Mozambique
Portugal (3)...
Continuing the empire was a major feature. Salazar didn't want to give up their _____. In _____ and _____ the natives rebelled and there was a bloody and nasty war.
Carnation Revolution democracy symbol
Portugal (4)...
The _____ (1974) was a military coup overthrowing "New State" resulting in _____. The population went out and started giving the soldiers carnations. This became the _____ of the new government going on here
Unemployment resources overpopulated
Portugal (5)...
Modern Portugal plagued by economic woes: high _____, _____ scarce, very _____, etc.
FDR Stalin Truman
Factors Leading to Start of Cold War (1)...
_____ and _____ understood each other. _____ was a great skeptic and he early on called out (B2) for what he was actually doing
Atomic bomb steal
Factors Leading to Start of Cold War (2)...
US had possession of _____ and we know they will try to _____ this technology from us.
Puppet states free elections
Factors Leading to Start of Cold War (3)...
When the Soviet Union "liberates" east Europe, they set up _____ instead of giving them _____.
Moscow cominform
Factors Leading to Start of Cold War (4)...
Communist parties of Europe took their orders from _____ (very true of French communists). _____ funded these west European communist groups.
Greece turkey Soviet Union communist
Factors Leading to Start of Cold War (5)...
Civil war broke out in _____ and _____. The _____ funneled money into these areas hoping to topple the Western European support and gain a _____ influence.
Keenan Russians telegram puppet states containment economic iron curtain
Key Events of the First Phase (1)...
_____ is an American diplomat stationed in Moscow. It was his job to report what the _____ are up to. He sent his report via _____. In it he laid out the idea that the soviets were trying to establish _____ and that the response of the US should be to meet every act of Soviet aggression with another act of aggression (aka policy of _____). If they continue this, the Soviet Union does not have the _____ capability to continue this indefinitely. "_____" speech was made by Churchill at a small episcopal college in Missouri. This was a policy address.
Truman Doctrine Greek military
Key Events of the First Phase (2)...
_____ was the first major Response of the west and it happened when Truman (alerted by Attlee) learned the British could no longer support the _____ government. He said it was the US' job to help resist the communists (_____ assistance).
Marshall Plan foothold financial
Key Events of the First Phase (3)...
The _____ (European Recovery Program) devised to rebuild post war Europe. This happened soon after Truman Doctrine, Marshall suggests it would be more cost effective if we could prevent communism from taking a _____ in places. In order to do this, he proposes the (B1) which gave _____ support to European countries that might turn communist.
Czechoslovakia Jan Masaryk power
Key Events of the First Phase (4)...
Initially, _____ was only partly controlled by the Soviet Union. Initial agreement after war was to set up coalitions of communists and non communists. Most prominent non-communist was PM _____. There is a coup and he is killed. At this point the "Czech Marxists" asked the Soviet Union to come in and consolidate _____.
Germany West Berlin blockade airlift
Key Events of the First Phase (5)...
The soviets didn't want to allow a unified _____. They try to force us out of _____. They set up a _____ to starve us out essentially. Truman's Response is the US will not be forced out. He organizes an _____ of planes flying in night and day with supplies to keep the city of a million plus going. On May 1949, Russians reopen land routes.
NATO treaty of Brussels Warsaw Pact
Key Events of First Phase (6)...
_____ resulted in response to Berlin Crisis because it was decided a more formal structure was needed to combat soviet opposition. Original treaty was signed in Brussels. The _____ makes a military alliance that says an attack on one is an attack on all. US, Canada, Algeria, France, Turkey, Norway, Iceland, West Germany, Greece, Britain, Italy, Portugal, etc. are in NATO. _____ is the counter-alliance to NATO.
Stalin Khrushchev
1953 saw the death of _____ and the end of the Korean War. This resulted in a power struggle on the Soviet Union. Eventually _____ rises to power and is in charge at Stalingrad.
Peaceful coexistence spirit of Geneva
Under Khrushchev, the Soviet practiced _____ which said that the east and west need to learn to get along. The "_____" refers to a spirit of cooperation between east and west and goes hand in hand with (B1).
Stalin Pasternak Russian revolution Stalin Solzhenitsyn
De-_____ization includes new intellectual freedom. Some examples: _____ & Dr. Zhivago - tale of medical doctor who was a boy during czarist Russia. Depicts _____ as good. _____ Russia bad and also _____ & One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich - depicts a prisoner in a gulag from getting up to going to bed and his actions and thought processes.
Hungarian liberalization protests 3
The _____ uprising of 1956 started as student demonstrations demanding _____ and resulted in _____ etc. Soviet Union doesn't put up with this. They are done within _____ weeks
Space Race technology military
_____ (post Sputnik) was about more than just _____...it had _____ implications. Russia got there first
Gary powers captive summit meeting
_____ was pilot of U2 spy plane. Russians brought it down. (B1) taken _____. Khrushchev refuses _____ at Paris because of this.
Bay of Pigs Castro Cuban Missile Crisis Cuba Turkey
The _____ refers to when Kennedy sent 1500 nationalists into Cuba to oust _____ and they failed miserably. The _____ was when Russia put missiles in _____ facing the US and we put missiles in _____ facing Russia. Eventually, with some negotiation both Russia and the US removed their missiles.
Brezhnev Brezhnev Doctrine
Khrushchev is out of power in 1964 and he is replaced by _____ (d. 1982). He was known for his "_____" which said the USSR may intervene at will to keep pro-Soviet governments in place in communist countries.
Prague Spring Dubcek Czechoslovakia reform communism
Brezhnev's First major action was the crushing of the "_____". A liberal Marxist, _____, began to experiment with more freedom. He is president of _____ and he wanted _____ and allowed a lot more freedoms. Soviets send troops into (B3) & violently overthrow his government. They arrest him and put a government they like in place.
Detente Nixon China Card
Brezhnev helped the US follow its new _____ policy begun under _____ administration (mainly due to (B2)'s introduction of the "_____" - form an alliance with China). (B1) was a policy to work closer with the communists.
SALT nuclear
The _____ (strategic arms limitation treaty) treaty was a cap on _____ weapons.
Helsinki Accords immigration
The _____ were the soviets agreeing to protect human rights, most importantly the right of _____ (people leaving the Soviet Union).
Afghanistan feudal Marxist Muslim fundamentalist Brezhnev doctrine invaded
_____ was the most poor and backwards country of all the poor backwards countries. This was essentially _____ in 1973 when the king was overthrown. At this time a pro-_____ state resulted. However, this state was under attack by _____ organizations. The _____ says the soviet union would protect friendly governments, so they _____ (B1) in order to save the pro-Marxist state.
SDI economically Star Wars
Reagan announces arms build-up and _____ (Strategic Defense Initiative). The USSR can't keep up _____. SDI is also known as the _____ program (missiles in space) for defense. USSR is worried this won't be used for defense and instead to harm the soviets.
Solidarity working conditions time lech Walesa Catholic Church pope john Paul II communist Warsaw Pact Jaruzelski
The _____ Movement began in the ship yards of gedansk. The ship yard workers formed an independent organization to get better _____ and more _____ off. This was founded by _____. This gets the active backing of the _____ of Poland. _____ backed this as well. He would essentially rally the people to demand concessions from the _____ government of Poland and this worked. The Soviet Union didn't like this, so they sent in the _____ to suppress solidarity. General _____ takes power.
Gorbachev perestroika economic capitalism command economic free enterprise initiative glasnost ideas problems
After Brezhnev, _____ comes to power. He has two significant policies. _____ translates as "restructuring". This is essentially _____. It is the idea that they need to introduce a little bit of _____ and let up on the _____ structure to allow a little bit of _____ to make _____ which will allow the economy to grow and be productive again. _____ is political. This is essentially openness. This is the encouragement of _____ that "compete in the marketplace of ideas" in order to find new ways to deal with their _____.
Chernobyl radiation
Under Gorbachev, the _____ disaster occurred. Vast amounts of territory were contaminated with _____.
Communist government
In 1988, Very gradually, the Soviet Union moved away from the idea that only the _____ party has a say in how the _____ will be run.
1989
_____: Year of Revolutions in Eastern Europe
Honecker democratization Brezhnev doctrine East German Berlin Wall
_____ goes way back to the 60s. At first he tried to resist _____. His difficulty came when he called for support in the Soviet Union. Gorbachev said the _____ was no longer a thing and then the _____ army turned against Honecker resulting in him stepping aside. This leads to a breach of _____ and reunification of Germany by February 1990. People literally tore down the Berlin Wall and the army refused to fire on them.
Velvet Revolution Havel Civic Forum free elections constitution parliament Slovaks Czechs
The _____ (because it went smoothly) _____ in Czechoslovakia occurred when _____ created a group of intellectuals known as the _____ who took up negotiating with the Czech government. They ultimately negotiated the ______ and establishment of a new Czech _____ and _____. A national rivalry leads to split into 2 nations by 1993: the _____ and the _____.
Ceausescu Romania violent power escape murdered
_____ had a strong military and secret police apparatus. When the protests started in _____ he turned very _____ towards his own people. However, he couldn't hold _____ forever. He attempts to _____ and is captured at the airport in Bucharest and he and his wife were _____ before they are put on trial
Executive conservatives Gorbachev Yeltsin democracy Republics independence
Gorbachev proposed to the Central Committee that the Communist party abandon its monopoly of power of _____ branch (1990)... this opens the door to increased social unrest by 3 main groups: the "_____" i.e. those who want party and army to maintain their influence. They see _____ as betraying the principles of the communist party.; Those demanding more rapid and extensive change..._____ was leading supporter. They want a _____. (B4) was the de facto leader of the rapid democratization movement.; Those in regional _____ now demanding _____ or self-rule.
August 1991 Coup Moscow Gorbachev Yeltsin communist coup constitutional assembly Soviet Union independent countries Russian republic
The _____ started when the Armed Forces occupy _____ and _____ is placed under house arrest. _____ leads counter action in Moscow and coup collapses within two days. Gorbachev hurt both by association with _____ evaders and by allowing _____ to happen. Gorbachev calls for _____ which creates a new scenario. The _____ will cease to exist. The commonwealth of independent states is supposed to replace it, but most of the republics refuse to join. Russia now goes from the Soviet Union to 15 different _____. Gorbachev resigns on Christmas Day in 1991 and the next day, the _____ is established.
Executive legislature Yeltsin Chechnya war Republic Muslim terrorism economics oligarchs inflation
In the Russian Republic, a new constitution adopted in 1993 creates a strong _____/weak _____ model. _____ serves two terms and then steps down in 2000. His major problems: _____: Chechnya was a region in Russia that never was a separate _____. They were a _____ territory and they demanded the right to secede from Russia. There was a large number of Russian casualties. _____ is used by the Chechnyas.; _____: its Faltering, some people got very rich very quickly, they are the "new _____", and Major _____ (lack of resources results in this).
Putin democratic nationalism
_____ takes over after Yeltsin. He's not very committed to _____ institutions. He essentially creates a semi-authoritarian regime. He uses Russian _____ as a tool.
Benelux free trade
_____ (customs union--no tariffs) created in 1948. Belgium Netherlands and Luxembourg made _____ between them and it was known as this.
Jean Monnet Shuman Plan West Germany France tariffs
_____ pushes integration with the _____ (1950). This is the same thing as Benelux, but it's between _____ and _____. These two countries should be able to trade without _____.
Treaty of Rome Common Market political barriers free trade
In the _____ (1957) ECSC set up the European Economic Community (EEC) better known as the _____. Its goals included removal of _____ to movement of goods, capital and labor. Basically, they wanted _____ in the common market.
Treaty of Maastricht defense crime immigration Euro
_____ (1992) set up the European Union. It expands scope of EC into things like _____ policy, _____, and _____. Growing out of this has been the new European currency, the _____. (In circulation 1999).
Logical empiricism God happiness senseless scientific mathematics
_____ rejected most of the concerns of traditional philosophy. From the existence of _____ to the meaning of _____, as nonsense and hot air. This says the great philosophical issues of ages—God, freedom, morality, and so on—are quite literally _____, a great waste of time, for statements about them can be neither tested by _____ experiments nor demonstrated by the logic of _____.
Existentialism moral Nietzsche atheists create
_____ thinkers were loosely united in a courageous search for _____ values in a world of terror and uncertainty. _____ was one of the first existentialists. Most existential thinkers in the twentieth century were _____. They have to _____ themselves in a way. They try to answer the question "How should I act?"
Theoretical engineering Big Science government spending Brain Drain
By combining _____ work with sophisticated _____ in a large organization, _____ could attack extremely difficult problems, from better products for consumers to new and improved weapons for the military. The _____ funded (B3), so things made were usually what the government wanted. This raises government _____. The "_____" in Europe said the good European scientists went to the US to work.
Simone de Beauvoir second wave feminism economy male education
_____ was the leader of _____ and she wrote The Second Sex. Three major forces helped women searching for jobs: the _____ boomed, economy shifted away from _____-dominated facets, and young western women shared fully in the postwar _____ revolution.
Ecumenical movement Vatican II Holocaust Zionism Israel
The _____ is the organized effort to unite the many branches of Protestantism, and eventually all Christianity. _____ modernized liturgy and also changes catholic openness on other people. The Jews were haunted by the _____ and because of this _____ and the establishment of _____ arose.
Tito Yugoslavia communism dictator police state dies
_____ was a Marxist who led liberation of _____ from Germans. Had his own independent version of _____. He was a very brutal _____. He managed to keep the nationalist issue suppressed through his own _____ methods. He _____.
Milosevic Serbia Kosovo Kosovo liberation army independence Bosnia Croatia ethnic cleansing Dayton accord
_____ ("butcher of the Balkans") proclaims the "Greater Serbia". He was the president of _____ and he "got rid of" (murdered) non-Serbians. He abolished self-rule in _____ and people form a _____ (KLA) and begin a war for the _____ of (B3). He invades _____ and _____ which results in his "_____" (this was a genocide for non-Serbs in the area). This was settled with the _____ (1995) which was essentially an international agreement that drew up lines saying where the Bosnians and Croats would live.
NATO Milosevic war crimes Kosovo
_____ intervenes and they step in to keep everyone apart. _____ dies in custody 2006 after arrest for _____. _____ gains independence in 2008.
Romanticism as it is
-Realism
• Reacts vs. _____
• Attempts to show life _____, "warts and all"
Light fleeting brush strokes
-Impressionism
• Emphasis on _____, often in its changing qualities
• Capturing the _____ moment
• Often has visible _____
Expressionists Impressionists spiritual ills self-conscious
-Late 19th Century
• The _____ & Post-_____ used vivid color to convey emotions
• Discontent with _____ of western civilization was shared by artists. A _____ preoccupation with decadence, evil, and darkness pervaded the artists' climate.
Broken analyzed reassembled irrationality logic bourgeois Freud unconscious free association
-Early 20th Century
• Cubism—Objects are _____ up, _____, and _____ in an abstracted form
• Dadaism
◦ Embraces the _____ and lack of _____ in the WWI era
◦ Attacks "_____" values
• Surrealism
◦ Reflects the work of _____ on dreams, _____, and _____
Representational meaning optical allusions popular culture
-Mid to Late 20th Century
• Abstract Expressionism
◦ Art isn't at all _____; rather the viewer creates the _____
• Op Art
◦ Uses _____; explores relationship of seeing and understanding
• Pop Art
◦ Characterized by drawing themes/subjects from _____
Simplify form follow function ornamentation Walter Gropius
-Modern Architecture: The Bauhaus School
• Goal to radically _____ architecture; to have "_____"; avoid _____
• Founder: _____
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...