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Maths GCSE

Terms in this set (23)

Lowest Common Multiple
The Lowest number in the two numbers time tables. ie, 18 and 24, so they both have 72 which is the lowest common multiple.
Prime Factors
Prime numbers that multiply to achieve a chosen number. ie, 110 > 2 x 55, 55 isn't prime so do the same, 55 > 11 x 5, both prime, so prime factors of 110 are, 2 x 5 x 11. (you always have to divide the number by a chosen prime, 2 is a good choice)
Highest Common Factor
The highest factor of two numbers. ie, 28 and 16, they both have 2 and 4, 4 is higher so that is the highest common factor.
BIDMAS
Brackets, Indices, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction.
Adding and Subtracting Fractions
The denomination has to be the same. If it is different find the lowest common multiple of the denominators. 5/6 - 3/4 =5/6 x 2/2 - 3/4 x 3/3 = 10/12 - 9/12 = 1/12.
Reciprocal
The number divided into 1. reciprocal of 2 is 1/2 reciprocal of a fraction is the fraction turned upside down 3/6 > 6/3.
Negative reciprocal
The same as reciprocal but putting a negative in front when there isn't one and taking one away when there is one.
Increasing by a percentage
Multiply the number by 1 + (the percentage increase / 100) ie, increase 6£ by 5%, 6 x 1.05 = £6.30
Decrease by a percentage
Multiply the the number by 1 - (the percentage decrease / 100) ie, decrease £8 by 7%, 8 x 0.93 = £7.44
Mode
The number that comes up the most (most likely value, non numerical ie weather patterns.)
Median
The number directly in the middle (Data with extreme value)
Mean
The average (Balanced spread of values)
The range
The difference between the largest value and smallest value
Stem and leaf diagram
How to find the mean from grouped frequency tables
Find the midpoint value and multiply that by the frequency, add up all of these results to get a total, add up all of the frequencies, frequency x midpoint total divided by frequency total.
How to find the nth term of a sequence
Find the difference between the numbers, that is the number that goes before the n and then the number you add to the nth term is the difference between the difference in values and the first value.
Nth term of a square numbers sequence and cubed numbers sequence.
n squared and n cubed
Nth term of triangular numbers
1/2n(n+1)
Nth term of a geometric sequence
a sequence where the terms are multiplied by the same number can be expressed a x r to the power of n-1. a= first term value r= multiplier
what is a quadratic sequence?
Where the second difference (the difference between the original differences) is the same .
Trapezium angles
The sum of the two angles at the end of a trapezium equal 180 degrees
Bearings
Bearings are from the North round in a clockwise rotation
Plans and Elevations
The plan is the top down view and the elevation is the side on view.
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