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urban patterns quiz

Terms in this set (17)

sprawl
• unrestricted growth in many American urban areas of housing, commercial development, and roads over large expanses of land, with little concern for urban planning
concentric zone model
1 CBD - businesses, highest land value
2 Transition Zone - poorest people, blue collar used to live here
3 Independent Workers - blue collar workers (walk to work), working class, older, smaller homes
4 White Collar Homes - middle class
5 Commuters - upperclass
-Based on Chicago in the 1920's
-Lower class lives closer to CBD
-Upper class lives further out
sector model
• Stresses the importance of transportation
corridors. Sees growth of various urban
activities as expanding along roads, rivers, or
train routes.
-Chicago
-social class
multiple-nuclei model
-Stresses the importance of multiple nodes of
activity, not a single CBD. Ports, airports,
universities attract certain uses while repelling
others
-Says urban growth is independent of the CBD
-Growth may begin in commercial, industrial, and residential suburbs outside the CBD
-Ex: Airports
• Built on outskirts of the city
• Hotels, restaurants, and other
entertainment facilities spring up around airport to accommodate travelers• Neighborhoods still based
on social class
-LC still live closer to the CBD, transportation, and industrial centers
-UC live farther out.
-MC are a buffer between UC and LC.
-UC and MC have their own smaller CBD so they don't have to go all the way to the city
Urban Realms Model
-More modern
-Show a larger area
-Takes into account
superhighways and
suburbs
-Says outer cities grew rapidly and therefore became independent of the central city
-Located near key freeway intersection
-Developed around big regional shopping centers
-Attract industrial parks, office complexes, hotels, restaurants, entertainment facilities, sports stadiums.
Latin American City Model
-Central spine extends out from the CBD
-UC housing surrounds the spine
-Outermost sector made up of LC housing
- Squatter settlements
• Called barrios or favelas
• Migrants from other parts of country
Sub-Saharan African City Model
• Can still see relics of colonialism
• 3 distinct CBDs:
1. Colonial CBD-HQ of colonial gov.
located here, Architecture resembles the colonizer's country
2. Traditional CBD-Current commercial center
3. Market or Bazaar CBD-Open air markets
that sell just about everything
• Informal economy
- No taxes paid
Outside the CBD-Neighborhoods with strong ethnic ties
-Squatter settlements on outermost ring
Southeast Asian City Model
-Asian cities mostly built on coasts for trade purposes
-Port zone is focal point
-Special economic zones encourage growth.
• Growth encouraged by:
- trade with western countries.
- investment by western companies.
-Squatter settlements and a market gardening zone located on the outskirts
africa
what is the fastest growing urban region?
africa
what is the least urbanized region of the world?
squatter settlements
-known by a variety of names including barriadas, barrios, and favelas
-have few services because neither the city nor the residents can afford them
-settlements lack schools, paved roads, etc.
-people come into the city to try and find work but are forced to live in the ________ because they don't have money
boshwash
- a county between two central cities may send a large number of commuters to jobs in each
What is the name of the group of large metropolitan areas that are so close together that they now form one continuous urban complex, extending from north of boston to south of washington?
UK cities urban landscape
tend to restrict suburban development,
thereby concentrating new development in and
around existing concentrations. This leaves large
rings of open space, so-called greenbelt
US cities urban landscape
suburbanization
-wealthy move to suburbs
-automobiles and roads;
'American Dream'
-better services
counterurbanization
-idyllic settings
-cost of land for retirement
-slow pace, yet high tech
connections to services and
markets
redlining
drawing lines on a map to identify areas in which they will refuse to loan money
gentrification
process by which middle-class people move into deteriorated inner-city neighborhoods and renovate the housing
-favorable location to CBD and employment
blockbusting
A process by which real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that black families will soon move into the neighborhood (explains the white flight of the 1950's from almost every major US city (e.g., Detroit and Cleveland), and the growth of suburbs)
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