Chapter 2

Element
Click the card to flip 👆
1 / 22
Terms in this set (22)
Element
any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
Image: Element
Atomic Number
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element
Image: Atomic Number
Energy Level
An area in an atom, around its nucleus, where electrons are found.
Image: Energy Level
Isotope
An atom that has the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons. They have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
Image: Isotope
Mass Number
The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of an element
Image: Mass Number
Compound
contains two or more elements chemically combines in a fixed proportion. can be broken down into simpler substance
Image: Compound
Chemical Bond
a bond formed between atoms through the sharing or transferring of electrons
Image: Chemical Bond
Ion
A positively or negatively charged atom or group of atoms
Image: Ion
Ionic Compound
a type of chemical bond between atoms that gained or lost electrons; consists of a metal and a non-metal
Image: Ionic Compound
Covalent Bond
type of bond between atoms in which the electrons are shared; stronger bond
Image: Covalent Bond
Metallic BondIt is the attraction of a metallic cation for a sea of delocalized electrons.MineralA naturally occurring solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical compositionSilicon-oxygen TetrahedronA structure composed of four oxygen atoms surrounding a central silicon atom.SilicateMineral GroupsStreakColour of a mineral as a fine powder, found by rubbing it onto an unglazed white ceramic tile.Lusterdescribes how light reflects from minerals surfaceCrystal formsize and shape assumed by the crystal faceHardnessA measure of how difficult it is to scratch the surface of a solid material. The hardness rating of a mineral is determined by comparison with ten standard minerals. Diamond has a hardness rating of 10 and can scratch other minerals with a lower hardness rating.Moh's ScaleConsists of 10 index minerals arranged from 10 (hardest) to 1 (softest).Cleavagetendency to break along definite smooth planesFractureway in which a mineral breaksDensityA measure of the amount of mass in a given volume (D=M/V), measured in g/cm³ or g/ml.

Flickr Creative Commons Images

Some images used in this set are licensed under the Creative Commons through Flickr.com.
Click to see the original works with their full license.