Chapter 3: Rocks

Rock
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Terms in this set (28)
Rock
any solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter occurring naturally as part of our planet
Image: Rock
Rock Cycle
shows the interrelationships among the three rock types
Image: Rock Cycle
Magma
molten material that forms deep beneath the Earth's surface.
Image: Magma
Lava
magma that reaches the surface
Image: Lava
Igneous Rock
formed by the crystallization of molten magma
Image: Igneous Rock
Weathering
process in which rocks are broken down by water, air, and living things
Image: Weathering
Sediment
weathered pieces of Earth elements
Image: Sediment
Sedimentary Rock
formed from the weathered products of preexisting rocks that have been transported, deposited, compacted, and cemented
Image: Sedimentary Rock
Metamorphic Rock
formed by the alteration of pre-existing rock deep within Earth by heat, pressure, and/or chemically active fluids
Image: Metamorphic Rock
Intrusive Igneous Rock
formed when magma hardens beneath Earth's surface
Image: Intrusive Igneous Rock
Extrusive Igneous Rockformed when lava hardensTexturemeans of classifying igneous rocksGranitic Compostionrocks are made mostly of light-colored quartz and feldsparBasaltic Compositionrocks are made mostly of dark-colored silicate minerals and plagioclase feldsparAndesitic Compositionrocks are between granitic light-color minerals and basaltic dark-colored mineralsErosioninvolves the weathering and the removal of rockDepositionoccurs when an agent of erosion loses energy and drops sedimentsCompactionthe process that squeezes, or compacts, sedimentsCementationtakes place when dissolved minerals are deposited in the tiny spaces among the sedimentsClastic Sedimentary Rockcomposed of weathered bits of rocks and mineralsChemical Sedimentary Rockform when dissolved substances precipitate, or separate, from waterBiochemical Sedimentary Rockrocks made of sediments derived from biological processesMetamorphismto change formContact Metamorphismoccurs when magma moves into rockRegional Metamorphismresults in large-scale deformation and high-grade metamorphismHydrothermal Solutionpromote recrystallization by dissolving original minerals and then depositing new onesFoliated Metamorphic Rockhas a banded or layered appearanceNonfoliated Metamorphic Rockdoes not have a banded texture

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