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biodiversity final

Terms in this set (51)

Which of the following is the correct format for writing the scientific name of the white-footed mouse?
Peromyscus leucopus
The white-footed mouse and the deer mouse belong to the same genus. Based on this information only, what other statements must be true
-the 2 mice share some important biological traits
-the 2 mice belong to the same family
Scientists have discovered two species of birds, one living in South America, the other living Southeast Asia. These birds have some similar morphological features. However, most scientists do not think that they are very closely related. If they are not closely related, then their similarities are considered:
analogous
Which statement represents the best explanation for the observation that the DNA of dogs and wolves has a high degree of homology?
dogs and wolves have a common recent ancestor
A_________group of organisms has been classified to include all members of that group and their common ancestor.
monophyletic
a fox and wolf are in the same family, therefore, they must also be in the same
class, order, and phylum
Upon their discovery by Europeans, koalas were classified as bears in the family Ursidae. Later, it became apparent that koalas are not bear, but marsupial mammals of the family Phascolarctidae. For as long as koalas were classified as bears, what was true of the family Ursidae?
It was polyphyletic.
Which of the following is not a true Kingdom currently classified in the Domain Eukarya?
bacteria and protista
A cell with 48 chromosomes that divided by mitosis and cytokinesis would produce ________ daughter cells with ________ chromosomes in each.
2,48
Which of the following statements about sexual reproduction is true?
-Sexually reproduction usually takes more energy than does asexual reproduction.

-Sexual reproduction increases the genetic variation of populations.
Mitosis produces haploid sex cells which fuse in the sexual life cycles of which organisms
plants, fungi
all protists are
eukaryotic
which of the following is not found in the kingdom fungi?
cellulose in the cell walls
what is true about land plants sometimes but not all of the time
the plant body uses xylem to move water and minerals and uses phloem to move food
among the characteristics unique to animals is
gastrulation
The "strength" molecule found in the cell walls of bacteria is
peptidoglycan
A bacterium that oxidizes sulfur compounds for its energy and uses CO2 for its carbon source is
chemoautotrophic
How is it possible that as many as 9 million mutations can arise each day in the E.coli inhabiting one human
The mathematics of large population size and rapid reproduction rate combine to produce many mutations without a particularly high mutation rate
Some bacteria respond to changing conditions by forming a thick wall around their chromosomes. What structure is this called?
endospore
Which of the following is the most common ecological role of prokaryotes?
decomposition
Protozoans are considered animal like protists because
-they ingest their food
-they are heterotropohic
-they exhibit active movement
Which of the following are true about eukaryotic algae some of the time, but NOT all of the time
-they can reproduce sexually
-they actively swim via flagella
-they are unicellular
Plasmodium slime molds undergo multiple divisions of the nucleus without cytokinesis. This results in
a large multinucleate mass
You are a physician. A patient comes into your office with the following symptoms: fever, fatigue, rash, body aches, headache, loss of appetite, diarrhea, swollen lymph nodes, and a sore close to his mouth. He recently spent an extended period of time in South America. What parasitic protist most likely infected him with what disease?
Trypanosoma: chaga's disease
A graduate student finds an organism in a pond and thinks it is a freshwater sponge. A postdoctoral student thinks it looks more like an aquatic fungus. How can they decide whether it is an animal or fungus?
look for cell walls
A saprophytic fungus would most likely use which of the following as a potential source of food?
overripe fruit
dead fly
cheese
animal feces
When you "pick" a mushroom from the forest floor, the fungus does not die. Why not?
The mycelium makes up the feeding body of the fungus and is not harmed by picking the reproductive part.
A symbiotic association between a photosynthetic partner (green algae or cyanobacterium) and a fungus is known as
lichen
Mycorrihizae enhance plant nutrition primarily by
absorbing water and minerals through the fungal hyphae
What is the fungal process that has the opposite effect on chromosome number than the effect of meiosis?
Karyogamy
In alternation of generations, the direct product of meiosis is
spore
What is common to all phyla of vascular plants
alternation of generations
xylem and phloem
dominance of diploid generation
is sporophyte diploid or haploid?
diploid
Bryophytes such as mosses and liverworts never form forests because
the lack lignified vascular tissue
What characteristic is more evolutionarily recent
sporophyte dominant
In seed plants, which structures or material is considered part of a pollen grain?
male gametophyte
sporopollenin
All gymnosperms share certain characteristics. These include all of the following except
swimming sperm
A heterosporous plant is one that
produces microspores and megaspores, which give rise to male and female gametophytes
In the angiosperm life cycle, two sperm cells are produced. One of these sperm cells unites with the egg to produce the zygote. The other sperm cell unites with the ___________ to produce a ___________ structure.
polar nuclei, triploid
animals with radial symmetry would likely
move from place to place relatively slowly, if at all
Acoelomate animals are characterized by
a solid body without a body cavity
What is the name of the hollow ball of cells that forms during embryonic development of animals?
blastula
An animal that swims rapidly in search of prey that it captures using visual senses concentrated at its anterior end is likely to be all of the following EXCEPT
diploblastic
Which of the following groups of animals is considered the most successful in terms of species richness and numbers of habitats occupied?
arthropoda
During __________________________, bacteria living in the roots of legumes and bacteria living in the soil convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia
nitrogen fixation
Consider two hyphae having equal dimensions: one from a septate species and the other from an aseptate (coenocytic) species. Compared with the septate species, the aseptate species should have
less chitin
What are the four characteristics of all living mammals
four chambered heart
hair during some part of the life cycle
feeding offspring with milk
vertebrae
Consider a small sea slug and a large octopus. You would predict that the octopus would be more likely to have a(n) __________ circulatory system because it is ______________.
closed, more active
What structures are possessed only by birds
keeled sternum and feathers
The domains of life include all of the following except
prokarya
all algae are
autotrophic
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