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Women's Health Final

Terms in this set (37)

Breast Cancer Risk Factors
Can Change (10)
smoking, high fat diet, overweight, not breast feeding, alcohol use, hormone intake, birth control (5 years or more), lack of exercise, chemical exposure, radiation
Breast Cancer Risk Factors
Can't Change (8)
Period before 12, menopause after 55, no children, children after 30, Age, Family Hx, BRCA1 Gene, BRCA2 Gene, dense breasts
Breast Cancer Warning Signs (10)
discolored areola, cloudy discharge from nipple, unusual increase in size, swelling/pain in breast/under arm, enlarged lymphnodes, lump on neck/underarm/breast, puckering of the skin, warmth of skin, retracted nipple, bruise that doesn't go away
Gardasil
- what does it do
- targeted age
- Side Effects (5)
protects against HPV isolated viruses
targeted age: 11-12 (can use until 25)
Side Effects: nausea, swelling, dizziness, bleeding, headache
Symptoms of HIV in women (10)
Flu-like symptoms: lack of energy, fever, night sweats, opportunistic infections, UTI, HPV, other STI's, swollen glands, skin rashes
Menstruation begins younger and younger, why?
1. Sexual Situations earlier
2. Stressful situations earlier
3. Exposed to hormones through food
4. Exposed to hormones in environment
5. Family and Heredity factors
6. Hormonal Imbalance
7. Amount of body fat increasing in young girls (more estrogen)
What does Menstruation Mean?
Shredding of the endometrium lining of the uterus
Three Ways you can get an STD
1. Blood to Blood
2. Fluid to Fluid
3. Skin to Skin
How do you know when you're ovulating?
Temperature goes up

estrogen and progesterone control body temp
What is toxic shock Syndrome?
A rare but serious medical condition
Staphylococcus Aureus gets into blood stream
Can cause PID, organ damage, or even death
Linked to tampon usage
What is PID
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
bacterial infection in the vaginal canal
What causes PMS?
Chemical imbalance, fluctuations of serotonin levels in the brain
Do food and beverages effect PMS?
- Do's
- Don'ts
Yes!
Don't: sugar, sodium, salt, alcohol, high fat diet, caffeine, skip meals
Do; vegetables, fruit, supplements, calcium, vitamin D, whole grains,
What causes cramps?
uterine contractions cutting of the blood supply to the endometrium

leukotrienes and proglammins cause crams when they are elevated
What causes periods to be irregular? (11)
stress, athletics, hormone level swings, low body weight, Obesity, eating disorder, early sexual experiences, medicine, hormone pills, estrogen replacement, foods
How much fluid is released during menstruation?
4-6 tsp or
1/4 cup
Length of Menstrual Cycle
28-32 days actual cycle
3-7 days menstruation
Purpose of Menstruation
Cleaning of the vagina: the body prepares for pregnancy, and because the egg is not fertilized = the endometrium lining sheds the uterine walls
Treatment for Breast Cancer
Radiation, Mastectomy, lumpectomy, chemotherapy, lymphnode-ectomy, surgery, Biopsy
Alcohol and Breast Cancer
Drinking alcohol 3x a week increases a person's chance of breast cancer up to 15%

Because: alcohol increases estrogen/weight
Dysmenorrhea
- what is it
- causes
severe cramps
Due to: too much release of prostaglandins
Menorrhagia
- what is it
- causes
Heavy flow
Due to: stress, medications, IUD, menopause
Amenorrhea
Lite period to no period
Due to: eating disorder (low fat), stress, menopause, pregnancy, breast feeding, athletics, birth control pills, cysts, hormonal imbalance,
What year did doctors start prescribing the pill to married couples so they had a choice?
1965
Who is Margaret Sanger?
popularized "birth control"
opened first birth control clinic in the US
birth control activist
1973
Roe v. Wade
legalized safe abortions in the US
How does HIV spread?
- blood, semen, vaginal secretions
- semen to blood and blood to blood are the most deadly
Benefits of Contraception (6)
clears skin, lighter periods/no periods, less cramps, decreases risks for uterine/ovarian cancer, regulate periods, some protect against STI's
Viral
Viral = NO CURE
Herpes V1/V2, HIV, HPV
Bacterial
Bacterial = CURE
Clamydia, Gonorrhea, Syphilis
Common STI Symptoms (10)
rashes, burning, itching, thick discharge, spotting mid cycle, pain during urination, pelvic pain, blisters, back pain, sore throat, nausea
Syndrome
symptoms that are specific to that disease (does not occur with other illnesses)
How does HIV get into the body?
An entry point = opening
Specific issues for HIV in women**
(5)
1. Chronic: vaginal, pelvic, cervical, yeast infections
2. Higher risk of HPV = PID and cervical cancer
3. Lung Infections
4. Decreases Immune function = Increases risk for autoimmune diseases
5. HIV passes from mom to fetus in blood and breast milk and birth process
HIV
- what needs to change AKA how to not get HIV (8)
1. No unprotected Sex (use latex)
2. Get tested (you and partner)
3. Limited # sexual partners
4. Get treated for STI's
5. Keep up with OBGYN appointments
6. Use postexposure prophylaxis after unprotected sex/sexual assault
7. No IV drug use or sex with drug users
8. Increase access to HIV education/healthcare/insurance for women
Breast Health/Disease
Important Screening methods
BSE: Breast Self Exam (daily)
Mammograms (45 years old = yearly)
Clinical Exam by Dr or Nurse practitioner (yearly)
Atherosclerosis
???
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