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EOG Review

Key Concepts:

Terms in this set (66)

summary
a quick recap of a story or selection - usually just a few sentences
evidence
proof, located in the passage
theme
message, moral, or lesson of a story
implied
hinted at
metaphor
figurative language that compares two things (no like or as) such as "October is the treasurer of the year."
personification
giving human qualities to an inanimate object (something not living) such as "The flowers stood tall and smiled under the sun."
simile
figurative language that compares two things with like or as such as "She was as tall at the Empire State Building."
symbolism
using images to represent bigger ideas such as an old, grouchy man being represented by the cold dark month of December
point of view
perspective of the narrator; first (I, me) second (you), or third person (he, they, it)
How does _____ and ___ approach the subject of...
A question that is asking you to compare/contrast how two different passages are written
pronouns
I, you, me, he, she, they, it, him, her
semi-colon ;
functions like a period - use when you are connecting two complete ideas (It's almost the end of the year; I can't wait until summer.)
colon :
use when you are writing a list (This summer I'm doing a lot of traveling: France, Egypt, Prague, and Germany).
dash -
use when you are either interrupting the speaker such as in a play, or when information will follow (As you know, I recently won a citywide competition - the first I ever entered.)
How does _______ contribute to the whole...?
A question that is asking you how one part of the story fits into the overall story - why is it important?
How does the author introduce the topic...
A question that is most likely asking you to look at the introduction for the answer
tone or author's attitude
how the narrator/speakers feels about the subject - look for their diction (word choice) and punctuation cues
Which of the following best illustrates...
A question that is asking you which part of the passage tells you something about a particular topic, for example about a character's personality
style
the way a writer writes something - should be consistent throughout (the same types of words, rhythm, attitude throughout)
plot
exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution; think about which part of the plot helps move different parts of the story forward
claim
an author's stance (similar to a thesis); usually located at the end of the introduction
indicate, convey, portray
shows or mentions
How do the passages treat their subjects?
A question asking how two passages portray or show the topics differently or similarly
revision
all of the different ways you can improve a piece of writing
mood
how the reader feels as he/she reads a passage
dialogue
conversation between two characters
stage directions
directions that tell the actor what to do (usually in parentheses or italics)
repetition, repeated lines
usually in poetry, showing that the author wants to emphasize something or show that it is important
What is most likely the reason...
A question asking you to infer, or make your best guess; look at the clues and "read between the lines"
how to decode tough vocabulary
look for STEMS, use context clues (words that surround the word)
sensory details
words that bring out the 5 senses (touch, sight, smell, taste, hear)
rhyme scheme
rhyme pattern in poetry (AA, BB, CC)
Which detail is most important in the summary...
A question asking you to look at the BIG picture and find the most important pieces of the passage
What can you conclude...
A question asking you make an inference
TPCASTT
a strategy that will help you understand poetry (Title, Paraphrase, Connotation, Attitude, Shift, Title, Theme); the most important is PARAPHRASE!
onomatopoeia
figurative language that creates a sound effect (Zoom!)
author's purpose
PIE - persuade, inform, entertain, describe...why did the author write this?
character traits
words that describe characters (bold, carefree, ambitious, powerful, noble, timid, dull, friendly, savage, eager, enthusiastic, proud, skeptical, disappointed, clever, dutiful, helpful, sneaky)
hyperbole
figurative language that is an overstatement or exaggeration (the sweater's arms were so long and stretched out, they had to be a mile long)
analogy
relationship between two words
timid: shy:: carefree: liberated
conflict
external (char. vs. char, char. vs. society, char. vs. nature)
internal (char. vs. self)
text's structure
the way it is set up; the way it looks- Does it have paragraphs or stanzas? How many lines in each stanza? Are there graphics? Are there subtitles? What is the rhyme scheme?
connotation
the feeling behind words - positive, negative, or neutral (thin has a positive connotation, but scrawny has a negative connotation)
bias
slanted point of view; when the author puts his "two cents in"
Eat Grea8, Sleep8
Eat breakfast before the test, and sleep at least 8 hours
imagery
using the 5 senses to describe
setting
time and place; think about this affects the story
flashback
when the action in a story is interrupted with a memory of the past (Memory Moment)
audience
the intended reader of a piece of writing
foreshadowing
a hint of what's to come
diction
word choice
subplot
a plot that runs beneath the greater plot (like in Holes)
logos
using logic and facts to convince an audience
pathos
using passion and emotion to convince an audience
credible
believable; is an author a credible source?
alliteration
similar sounds at the beginning of words; bouncing baby
anecdote
a brief story about an interesting, funny, or strange event, told to entertain or make a point
inference
clues or facts + what you already know = ________
exposition
beginning of the plot, where character and setting are introduced
rising action
most suspenseful part of the plot, where conflict builds
climax
turning point of the plot, where protagonist changes
falling action
part of the plot that occurs after the climax
resolution
end of the plot; conflict is resolved
characterization
developed by character's appearance, what they say, what others say about them, and their actions
shifts
changes in a poem, such as in character, perspective, setting, or conflict
source the document
looking at the title and author BEFORE reading the text
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