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BIOLOGY FINAL 1 of 3

Terms in this set (80)

Which is the smallest unit of life that can survive and reproduce on its own

a- an atom
b- a cell
c- a molecule
d- an organ
e- a population
b- a cell
Which of the following is defined as "all populations of all species living in get same area"

a- ecosystem
b- community
c- biosphere
d- organism
e- population
a- ecosystem
As energy is transferred among organisms, some escapes from the environment as ___ energy

a- electrical
b- heat
c- light
d- mechanical
e- nuclear
b- heat
The ability to maintain a constant internal environment is

a- metabolism
b- homeostasis
c- development
d-physiology
e-thermoregulation
b- homeostasis
The instructions for growth and development are in

a-protiens
b-carbohydrates
c-DNA
d-energy
e- homeostasis
c-DNA
Which is the correct format for a scientific name
Homo sapiens (all in italics) e
The most diverse and inclusive classification group is the

a-domain
b-genus
c-kingdom
d-phylum
e-species
a-domain
The eighteenth-century naturalist Carolus Linnaeus is known for creating

a-the theory of natural selection
b-a system for naming and classifying organisms
c-the biological species concept
d-the first microscope
e- the scientific method
b-a system for naming and classifying organisms
Critical thinking is the process of

a-finding fault in others
b-unconditionally accepting information from a trusted source
c-designing a scientific experiment
d-making a hypothesis
e- judging the quality of information before accepting it
e- judging the quality of information before accepting it
A testable explication for a natural phenomenon is a(n)

a-experiment
b-hypothesis
c- prediction
d- model
e- theory
b-hypothesis
When one arrives at a conclusion based upon one's observations, this is

a-inductive reasoning
b- deductive reasoning
c- critical thinking
d- logic
e- the scientific method
a-inductive reasoning
A scientist investigates the result of varying temperature on the growth rate of a bacterial culture. In this experiment, temperature would be the

a- dependent variable
b- independent variable
c- control
d- model
e- hypothesis
b- independent variable
To eliminate the influence of uncontrolled variables during experimentation, one should

a-increase the sampling error as much as possible and suspend judgement
b- establish a control group identical to the experimental group except for the variable being tested
c- use inductive reasoning to construct a hypothesis
d-both increase the sampling error as much as possible and suspend judgement and use inductive reasoning to construct a hypothesis
e- all of these
b- establish a control group identical to the experimental group except for the variable being tested
When a hypothesis has been repeatedly and rigorously tested and supported, it is called a

a- model
b- testable prediction
c- scientific method
d- scientific theory
e-result
d- scientific theory
Four of the five answers listed below are necessary characteristics to the life of an individual. Select the exception

a- energy use
b- homeostasis
c- development
d- response to stimuli
e- diversity
e- diversity
Four of the five answers listed below are related as members of the same group. Select the exception

a- glucose
b- fructose
c- cellulose
d- ribose
e- deoxyribose
c- cellulose
Four of the five answers listed below are characteristics of the plasma membrane. Select the exception

a- phospholipid
b- fluid mosaic
c- lipid bilayer
d- inert and impermeable
e- hydrophobic tails
d- inert and impermeable
Four of the five answers listed below can be found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Select the exception

a- cell wall
b-cytoplasm
c-plasma membrane
d- ribosomes
e- vesicles
e- vesicles
Particles that are fundamental building blocks of all matter are

a- atoms
b- compounds
c- ions
d- molecules
e- mixtures
a- atoms
Which term includes the other four

a-atoms
b-molecules
c- electrons
d- elements
e-protons
b-molecules
The neutral subatomic particle is the

a-neutron
b-proton
c-electron
d- neutron and proton
e-none of these
a-neutron
All atoms of an element have the same number of

a-ions
b-protons
c-neutrons
d-electrons
e-protons and neutrons
b-protons
The nucleus of an atom contains

a- neutrons and protons
b-neutrons and electrons
c- protons and electrons
d- protons only
e-neutrons only
a- neutrons and protons
For an atom to be neutral, it must have the same number of

a- electrons and neutrons
b-electrons and protons
c-neutrons and protons
d- electrons, neutrons and protons
e- none of these
b-electrons and protons
Which statement is NOT true

a- electrons closest to the nucleus are at the lowest energy level
b- no more than two electrons can occupy a single orbital space
c- electrons are unable to move out of the assigned orbital space
d- the innermost orbital holds two electrons
e- at the second energy level there are four possible orbitals with a total of eight electrons
c- electrons are unable to move out of the assigned orbital space
A molecule is

a- a combination of two or more atoms
b- less stable than its constituent atoms separated
c-electrically charged
d- a carrier of one or more extra neutrons
e- none of these
a- a combination of two or more atoms
What is formed when an atom loses or gains an electron

a- a new element
b- ion
c- molecule
d- bond
e- isotope
b- ion
What type of bond is formed whenever atoms share a pair of electrons

a- covalent
b-hydrogen
c-ionic
d- double
e- peptide
a- covalent
What type of bond is(are) individually weakest

a-hydrogen
b-ionic
c- covalent
d- hydrogen and covalent are equal
e- ionic and covalent are equal
a-hydrogen
A chemical bond in which electrons are shared unequally is called

a-ionic
b-nonpolar
c- polar
d- all of these
e- none of these
d- all of these
What bonds usually stabilize large biological molecules

a- hydrogen
b-ionic
c- covalent
d- inert
e- single
a- hydrogen
A hydrogen bond is

a- a sharing of a pair of electrons between a hydrogen and an oxygen nucleus
b- a sharing of a pair of electrons between a hydrogen nucleus and either an oxygen or a nitrogen nucleus
c- a weak attraction between a covalently bonded hydrogen atom and another atom taking part in a separate polar covalent bond
d- the loss of an electron by hydrogen to a highly electronegative atom
e- none of these
c- a weak attraction between a covalently bonded hydrogen atom and another atom taking part in a separate polar covalent bond
How do hydrophobic molecules react with water

a-attracted to
b- absorbed by
c- repelled by
d- mixed with
e- polarized by
c- repelled by
Water is important to living organisms because

a- of its cohesive properties
b- of its temperature stabilizing effect
c- it is a liquid at room temperature
d- it has the capacity to dissolve many substances
e- all of these
e- all of these
Sugar dissolves in water because it

a-ionizes
b- is a polysaccharide
c- is polar and forms many hydrogen bonds with the water molecules
d- has a very reactive primary structure
e- none of these
c- is polar and forms many hydrogen bonds with the water molecules
A pH of 10 is how many times as basic as pH of 7

a- 2
b- 3
c- 10
d- 100
e- 1,000
e- 1,000
A salt will dissolve in water to form

a-acids
b-gases
c-ions
d-bases
e-polar solvents
c-ions
Substances that are ___ give up hydrogen ions when they dissolve in water

a-basic
b-acidic
c-neutral
d- hydrophobic
e- buffered
b-acidic
Carbon forms bonds with a maximum of how many other atoms

a-2
b-3
c-4
d-5
e-6
c-4
Which compound is hydrophobic

a-ethyl alcohol
b-simple sugar
c-hydrocarbon
d-glycerol
e- amino acid
c-hydrocarbon
An OH group is a(n) ___ group

a-carboxyl
b-hydroxyl
c-amino
d-methyl
e-carbonyl
b-hydroxyl
An -NH2 group is a(n) ____ group

a-carboxyl
b-hydroxyl
c-amino
d-methyl
e-carbonyl
d-methyl
An -COOH group is a(n) ____ group

a-carboxyl
b-hydroxyl
c-amino
d-methyl
e-carbonyl
a-carboxyl
The activities by which cells acquire and process energy are collectively called

a-organic chemistry
b-biochemistry
c- condensation
d- hydrolysis
e-metabolism
e-metabolism
The formation of large molecules from small subunits is known as what kind of reaction

a-oxidation
b-reduction
c-condensation
d-hydrolysis
e-decarboxylation
c-condensation
The breakdown of large molecules by the enzymatic addition of water is an example of what kind of reaction

a-oxidation
b-reduction
c-condensation
d-hydrolysis
e-decarboxylation
d-hydrolysis
Which is a "building block" of carbohydrates

a-glycerol
b-nucleotide
c- amino acid
d- fatty acid
e- monosaccharide
e- monosaccharide
Which of the following includes all the others

a-sucrose
b-glucose
c- cellulose
d- glycogen
e- carbohydrate
e- carbohydrate
Sucrose is composed of

a- two molecules of fructose
b- two molecules of glucose
c-a molecule of fructose and a molecule of glucose
d- a molecule of fructose and a molecule of galactose
e- a molecule of glucose and a molecule of galactose
c-a molecule of fructose and a molecule of glucose
Plants store their excess carbohydrates in the form of

a-startch
b-glycogen
c-glucose
d- cellulose
e- fats
a-startch
Triglycerides contain

a-fatty acids
b-phosphate
c-glycerol
d-both fatty acids and phosphate
e-glycerol and fatty acids
e-glycerol and fatty acids
Which element is NOT characteristic of the primary structure of proteins

a-carbon
b-phosphorus
c- oxygen
d- nitrgoen
e- hydrogen
b-phosphorus
What kind of bond exists between two amino acids in a protein

a-peptide
b-ionic
c-hydrogen
d-amino
e- sulfhydroxyl
a-peptide
Which of the following can be parts of the secondary structure of proteins

a-helices
b-sheets
c-amino acid sequence
d- both helices and sheets
e- all of these
d- both helices and sheets
Which of the following is NOT found in every naturally occurring nucleic acid

a-ribose
b-phosphate group
c-purine
d-pyrimidine
e- all of these are characteristic of every nucleic acid
a-ribose
The nucleotide most closely associated with energy transfer is

a-cyclic AMP
b-FAD
c-NAD
d-ATP
e- all of these
d-ATP
Nucleotides contain what kind of sugars

a- three-carbon
b- four-carbon
c- five-carbon
d- six-carbon
e- seven-carbon
c- five-carbon
To see objects smaller than those that can be resolved by a light microscope, we usually use microscopes that employ a beam of

a-electrons
b- photons
c-protons
d- neutrons
e- X-rays
a-electrons
Hydrophobic reactions of phospholipids may produce clusters of their fatty acid tails, which form

a- a lipid bilayer
b- hydrolysis of the fatty acids
c- a protein membrane
d- a cytoskeleton
e- a non polar membrane
a- a lipid bilayer
Which of the following membrane proteins is responsible for binding hormones that can trigger changes in the cell's activity

a- recognition proteins
b- receptor proteins
c- transport proteins
d- adhesion proteins
e- channel proteins
b- receptor proteins
Which of the following letters identifies this cells nucleus
e-none of these
Which are examples of prokaryotes

a-protozoa
b- bacteria
c- algae
d- fungi
e-mosses
b- bacteria
When multiple species of a single celled organisms live together in a mass of recreated polysaccharides, this is called a(n)

a-biofilm
b-infection
c-algae
d-colony
e-organism
a-biofilm
Ribosomes are found in

a- archaea
b- eukarya
c- prokarya
d- archaea and eukarya
e- archaea, eukaraya and prokarya
b- eukarya
A dense, irregularly shaped region within the nucleus in which subunits of ribosomes are synthesized is called the

a- plastid
b-vacuole
c- microvillus
d- nucleolus
e- basal body
d- nucleolus
Which of the following is NOT true concerning the nuclear envelope

a- It has two lipid bilayers
b- There are pores in the membrane
c- Ribosomal subunits can pass out of the nucleus
d-DNA molecules are transported out through the pores
e- The outer bilayer of the nuclear membrane is continuous with the membrane of the ER
d-DNA molecules are transported out through the pores
Lipids destined for cell membranes are synthesized here

a- golgi bodies
b- ribosomes
c- mitochondria
d- lysosomes
e- smooth endoplasmic reticula
e- smooth endoplasmic reticula
This organelle's appearance has been likened to a stack of pancakes

a- golgi bodies
b- ribosomes
c- mitochondria
d- lysosomes
e- vesicle
a- golgi bodies
These contain enzymes and are the main organelles of intercellular digestion

a- golgi bodies
b- ribosomes
c- mitochondria
d- lysosomes
e- endoplasmic reticula
c- mitochondria
Fatty acids are degraded by

a-nucleoli
b-peroxisomes
c-lysosomes
d-endoplasmic reticula
e- golgi bodies
b-peroxisomes
Which of the following are common in plants but not in animals

a-chloroplasts
b- central vacuoles
c-mitochondria
d- chloroplasts and mitochondria
e-chloroplasts and central vacuoles
e-chloroplasts and central vacuoles
Organelles in plant cells that function in photosynthesis or storage are called

a-stroma
b-grana
c-plastids
d-vacuoles
e-mitochondria
c-plastids
Structural features that contain the protein actin and help to strengthen and change the shape of eukaryotic cells are

a-plastids
b-vacuoles
c-microvilli
d-nucleoli
e-microfilaments
e-microfilaments
The organelle that whips back and forth to propel a cell through fluid is a

a-microfilament
b-pilus
c-microvillus
d-flagellum
e-microtubule
d-flagellum
Amoeba move by using

a-cilia
b-flagella
c- pseudopods
d-cilia and flagella
e- cilia and pseudopods
c- pseudopods
A process found only in producers
photosynthesis
Most organisms exhibit this characteristic, which tends to buffer the effects of environmental change
homeostasis
The capacity to acquire, store and use energy
metabolism
Multicellular producers
Plantae
No nucleus
Bacteria
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