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Adult health exam 2

Terms in this set (15)

diuretics ( thiazide and loop)
nursing implications:

. monitor potasium level, watch for muscle weakness, irregular pulse, dehydration
.take in morning. they are very fast acting
.use sunscreen
.weight self daily. report if gain 2-3 lbs
.eat food high in potasium such as orange, banana, brocholi, tomato jiuce, apricot
what is example of loop diueretics?
Lasix
why need to monitor K?
Hypokalemia is common occurence with those loop and thiazide diueretics
2. potassium - sparing diuepretics
ex: amiloride (Midamor)
.need to monitor Potassium because hypokalemia or hyperkalemia can occur
.watch for muscle weekness and irregular pulse
.need to avoid food high in potassium ( different from loop and thiazide)
.weight self daily and report if gain 2-3 lbs
calcium channel blockers
examples:
Diktiazem ( Cardizem)
Amiodipine (Norvasc)
what are nursing implications for calcium channel blockers (ccb)?
.monitor bp, pulse, pt need to change position slowly because hypotension is a common side effect. decreased heart rate may occur.
.encourage intake of high fiber foods
.use sunscreen. photosensitivit may occur
.teach pt to avoid grapefruit juice
. ccb should be used cautiously with heart failure pt
why not ccb with grapefruits?
Grapefruit juices potentiates med effects, increase hypotensive effects, and increase risks of drug toxicity.
ACE inhibitors
examples:
Benazipril (Lotensin)
Ramipril ( Altace)
Enalapril (Vasotec)
Nursing implications
. monitor bp and pulse, change position slowly
. monitor and teach pt to report signs of heart failure such as edema

.teach pt to report cough

. also angiedema

. also heart failure (edema )

.take 1 hr before meals

. aspirin and nsaids may impair hypotensive effects
rationales
.hypotesion is a common side effect
.ace inhibitors may cause heart and renal implications
.cough is a common side effect
. encourage pt to rise slowly due to possible orthostatic hypotension
Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists ( ARBs)
. monitor bp, pulse
. teach pt to change position slowly
.monitor for hyperkalemia
. hypotension is a common s/e
aldosterone receptor antagonists
examples:
spironolactone ( Aldactone)

methyldopa ( Aldomet)

cloidine (Catapres)
Beta adranergic blockers
Atenolol ( Tenormin)

Propranolol (Inderal)

Metoprolol (Toprol)
ace inhibitors use for what?
. to treat hypertension
. used in management of hf to decrese svr
. first line agent to treat hypertension in diabetic pt....because reduce proteinuria and slow progression of renal impairment
s/e of ace inhibitors
. persistent cough
.hypotension
.angioedema
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