Scripture and Its Interpretation ch 7: From There to Here

apology
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Terms in this set (26)
apology
A defense, especially of one's life, beliefs, or practices.
Authorized Version (AV)
The English translation of the Bible published in 1611 in England during the reign of King James I, known popularly as the King James Version (KJV) or King James Bible.
Bible
From the Greek word for book, biblion (pl. biblia), derived from the words for the papyrus plant (byblos, biblos); the collected sacred writings of Judaism and Christianity.
church fathers (or Fathers)
Christian theological writers from the end of the first or early second century CE until about the middle of the eighth century CE who contributed to the development of orthodox Christian scriptural interpretation, doctrine, and practice.
codex
Originally, a writing tablet framed in wood (Latin caudex); later, a set of individual sheets of papyrus or parchment bound together as a "book" and protected by a leather or wooden cover.
Council of Trent
A key Roman Catholic counter-Reformational ecumenical council held between 1545 and 1563, whose decisions included adopting the Vulgate and the longer OT canon.
critical apparatus
A series of notes in the critical Greek or Hebrew text of the Bible giving evidence from manuscripts and other ancient sources that both (a) supports the biblical text provided and (b) indicates alternative readings for uncertain or disputed portions of the text.
critical text
A scholarly reconstruction of the biblical text based on textual-critical evidence indicating the most original reading of the text (for the OT: the uncorrected Masoretic Text, with critical notes; for the NT: a reconstruction based on numerous manuscripts).
Dead Sea Scrolls
A series of more than 800 ancient Hebrew and Aramaic manuscripts (and some Greek fragments) of biblical and extrabiblical writings, dating from the third century BCE to the first century CE, and discovered in eleven caves at Qumran, near the Dead Sea, between 1947 and 1956.
dynamic-equivalence translation
A translation that seeks to reproduce the text's sense (or function) by means of changing the form of the original text, when necessary, for the sake of meaning (communicative intent); in contrast to formal-equivalence translation.
evangelistFrom the Greek word for "good news," euangelion; (1) a Christian preacher or missionary; (2) a writer of a canonical Gospel (i.e., those according to Matthew, Mark, Luke, John).formal-equivalence translationA translation that emphasizes close agreement between the translation and the form and wording of the original text; in contrast to dynamic-equivalence translation.GreekThe lingua franca (common tongue) of the Mediterranean basin following the conquests of Alexander the Great, and hence the language of both the LXX and the NT.HebrewThe primary language of the Tanak, or Old Testament.lectionaryA collection of passages from all parts of the Bible, organized around a liturgical calendar for use in public liturgy/worship.Masoretic Text (MT)The standard edition of the Hebrew text of Israel's Scriptures (Tanak) that is used today, the result of the work of rabbinic scholars (the "Masoretes") in the sixth to ninth centuries CE.papyrusA marshland plant found in Egypt, Galilee, and other wetlands that could be cut into strips, woven, and dried to form a writing surface; papyrus sheets could be glued or sewn together to form a scroll or codex.parchmentWriting material prepared from animal skins, which could be used to provide more durable manuscripts than those made from papyrus; parchment sheets were attached to form a scroll or codex.Renaissance"Rebirth"; a period that began in fourteenth-century Italy and spread to northwestern Europe, consisting of a humanistic revival of interest in classical (ancient Greek and Roman) art and literature.sagaA short, easily memorized folk story, common in Genesis, that was handed down from generation to generation as oral tradition.scrollA roll of papyrus sheets glued together, or of parchment sewn together, to form a roll containing written texts.Septuagint (LXX)Traditional name for the most influential Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, which probably began at Alexandria in Egypt in the third century BCE and was used by both Jews and Christians.social memoryThe shared knowledge and memories of a social group.textual criticismThe scholarly discipline that seeks to reconstruct the earliest form(s) of a text and to trace the history of its transmission.versionA translation of the Bible.VulgateThe Latin translation of the Bible prepared in the late fourth and early fifth centuries, most of which was the work of Jerome of Bethlehem (d. 420 CE), and which became the official Bible of the Roman Catholic Church.