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Urology terms MED 104- chapter 11

Terms in this set (30)

hydronephrosis
enlargement of the kidney due to urine backing up in the ureter
caused by obstruction- either stone or stricture
glomerulonephritis
inflammation of glomerulus pores due to increased antibodies clogging the pores
nephrolithiasis
kidney stone or calculus
nephrotic syndrome
damage to the pores of the glomerulus allowing for larger cells to pass through the capillaries primarily albumin
edema; ascites due to less protein being in the blood- more fluid going into tissues
polycystic kidney disease
hereditary disease
cysts build up in kidney replacing functional nephrons
eventually causing kidney failure
pyelonephritis
inflammation and infection of the renal pelvis portion of the kidney
due to bacterial infection of the bladder that travels up the ureters
renal failure
disease in which the kidneys decrease their urine production
eventually results in no urine output
can be acute due to trauma, infection
or chronic due to progressive disease
Wilm's tumor
pediatric cancer of the kidney
bladder cancer
cancerous tumor of the lining of the bladder
most common in men over 60
cystitis
inflammation or infection of the bladder
usually due to bacteria from the urethra reaching the bladder
cystocele
hernia of vagina or rectum
bladder to push through weakened tissue
urine becomes trapped in hernia
neurogenic bladder
urinary retention
due to nerve damage to the bladder
overactive bladder
urgency and frequency due to involuntary contractions of the bladder
urinary retention
inability to empty the bladder completely
due to obstruction, nerve damage or drug side effect
vesicovaginal fistula
abnormal passageway connecting the bladder to vagina
urine leaks into and out of vagina
epispadias
congenital condition
opening of urethra is in wrong location
female near clitoris
male on upper shaft of penis
hypospadias
opening of urethra on the underside of the shaft of the penis
dysuria
difficult or painful urination
enuresis
involuntary release of urine in someone who should have bladder control
nocturnal enuresis= bedwetting
frequency
urinating frequently, usually in small amounts
can be due to blockage; infection; overactive bladder;
glycosuria
glucose in the urine
due to increased glucose level in the blood
as seen in diabetics
hematuria
blood in the urine
can be microscopic or easily seen
hesitancy
inability to initiate a normal stream of urine with dribbling
blockage; infection; enlarged prostate
incontinence
inability to voluntarily keep urine in the bladder
due to spinal cord injury; unconsciousness; dementia
in- in; not
contin/o- hold together
-ence state of
stress incontinence
relaxation of the muscles of the pelvic floor
laughing, coughing and sneezing increases the pressure resulting in loss of urine
nocturia
increased frequency and urgency of urination during the night

noct/o- night
ur/o- urine
-ia condition
urinary urgency
strong urge to urinate and sense of pressure as bladder conracts repeatedly
pyuria
WBC's in the urine
indication a urinary tract infection.
py/o- pus
UTI
urinary tract infection
prostate cancer
most common cancer in men
particuarly elderly men
PSA lab test helpful for screening
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