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Science Assessment Q4

Terms in this set (63)

Tissue
A group of the same cells that function together
Muscle tissue
A body tissue that contracts or shortens, making things in the body move
Nervous tissue
Tissue that send messages throughout the body
Connective tissue
Tissue that functions mainly to bind and support other tissues
Epithelial tissue
A tissue that lines surfaces of the body
Organ
Two or more tissues that work together to have one function
Organ system
Two or more different organs that work together to accomplishing large job
Homeostasis
Eternal balance. In perfect health
Skeletal system
Many bones that work together to support the body. Allows movement
Vertebrae
One single bone in your vertebral column
Joint
Where two bones meet (Most can move)
Ligaments
Connects bone to bone
Compact bone
Hard bone that lies beneath the periosteum
Spongy bone
Soft bone that lies beneath the compact bone
Bone Marrow
tisuy fluid that fills in gaps between the spongy bone
Cardiac Muscle
Muscles in the heart that let the heart pump blood throughout the body. It never tires
Skeletal Muscle
A muscle attached to bones that lets the bones move. It tired very quickly
Smooth Muscle
A muscle in internal organs and blood vessels that lets them move to get a job done. It tires very slowly
Heart
Pumps blood throughout the body. Is made of cardiac muscle
Atrium
The two chambers in the heart that receive the blood
Ventricle
Lower chambers of the heart that releases the blood into the artery
Heart valve
Tissue that opens and closes in the heart to prevent blood from flowing the wrong way
Capillary
The smallest sized blood vessel where substances are exchanged between the blood and the body cells. It branches off from arteries and into veins.
Vein
The medium blood vessel that brings blood back to the heart after it has exchanged oxygen in the blood for carbon dioxide with body cells. The blood in it is normaly blue
Artery
The largest thickest blood vessel that has smooth muscle in the middle so it can expand for large bursts of blood. It brings blood from the heart to cells to have the oxygen exchanged for carbon dioxide. The blood in it is red
Digestion
When food is broken down into small chemical peices (not just one type, in general)
Absorption
When nutrients are absorbed through villi into the bloodstream to bring to cells
Esophagus
The tube that lead food to the stomach
Mucus
A thick substance that helps material glide through tubes in the body, and protects organs from acids
Peristalsis
Wave-like contractions of smooth muscle in one direction to move materials throughout the body
Stomach
A muscular pouch that digests food with chemicals and churning. (made of smooth muscle)
Small Intestine
Digestive organ where most chemical digestion and absorption of food takes place. It has a small diameter
Liver
Produces bile that reduces fat into small droplets
Pancreas
Produces enzymes that breaks down fat droplets
Large intestine
Where material is fed on by bacteria, water in the material is absorbed, and then the leftover waste is eliminated through the anus
Because one relaxes while the other contracts, to move a muscle
Why do muscles work in pairs? Ex:Bicep, and tricep
Support, movement, making blood cells, protecting organs (internal), and storing minerals (Calcium, phosphorus)
What are the five functions of the skeletal system?
Skeletal, circulatory, muscular, digestive, respiratory
What are the 5 organ systems?
To carry needed substances to cells, and waste from cells. Also to bring blood cells to places to fight disease
What are the functions of the circulatory system?
To bring oxygen to cells, carry away carbon dioxide and water, and fight disease
What is the function of blood?
Water, carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals
What 6 nutrients are necessary to stay healthy?
The mouth, stomach, and small intestine
In which organs do chemical digestion, mechanical digestion, and absorption take place?
1 (Single file)
How many blood cells fit through a capillary at a time?
Central nervous system
Brain and spinal cord are what part of the nervous system?
Peripheral nervous system
Nerves throughout body are what part of the nervous system?
Aorta
The main artery is the ____________
Fighting disease
White blood cells help the body by __________
Yes
Do some veins carry oxygenated blood?
Yes
Do some arteries carry deoxygenated blood?
To pump blood throughout the body to supply cells with nutrients necessary for respiration, and survival
What is the function of the heart?
The septum
What separates the two sides of the heart?
Bring blood away from the heart to organs
What do arteries do?
Carry blood away from organs to the heart
What do veins do?
The top of the heart
Where is the superior vena cava
The bottom of the heart
Where is the inferior vena cava?
oxygen
Red blood cells give body cells ________
Carbon Dioxide
Body cells give red blood cells ________
hemoglobin
Red blood cells are made of _______
Clot blood
Platelets do what?
A, B, AB, O
What are the blood types?
A
Is the blood type O (a) recessive (b)codominant with A
C
What two blood types are codominant (a) A and O (b) O and B (c) A and B
Pulmonary vein
Oxygenated blood enters the heart through the ___________
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