Chapter 6

Terms in this set (47)

Association detection
Reveals the relationship between variables along with the nature and frequency of the relationships
Attribute
The data elements associated with an entity
Business-critical integrity constraint
Enforces business rules vital to an organization's success and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints
Cluster analysis
A technique used to divide information sets into mutually exclusive groups such that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one another and the different groups are as far apart as possible
Cube
The common term for the representation of multidimensional information
Data dictionary
Complies all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model
Data element (or data field)
The smallest or basic unit of information
Data governance
The overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of company data
Data inconsistency
Occurs when the same data element has different values
Data integrity issues
occurs when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or duplicate data
Data mart
Contains a subset of data warehouse information
Data mining
The process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone
Data model
Logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements using graphics or pictures
Data quality audit
Determines the accuracy and completeness of its data
Data redundancy
The duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in multiple places
Data warehouse
A logical collection of information, gathered from many different operational databases, that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks
Database
Maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses)
Database Management System (DBMS)
Creates, reads, updates and deletes data in a database while controlling access and security
Data-driven website
An interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant ot the needs of its customers using a database
Data-mining tool
Uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information that predict future behavior and guide decision making
Entity
Stores information about a person, place, thing, transaction, or event
Extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL)
A process that extracts information from internal ad external databases, transforms it using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads it into a data warehouse
Forecasts
Predictions based on time-series information
Foreign key
A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables
Information cleansing or scrubbing
A process that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent, incorrect, or incomplete information
Information granularity
The extent of detail within the information (fine and detailed or coarse and abstract)
Information integrity
A measure if the quality of information
Integrity constraint
Rules that help ensure the quality of information
Logical view
Shows how individual users logically access information to meet their own particular business needs
Market basket analysis
Analyzes such items as websites and checkout scanner information to detect customers' buying behavior and predict future behavior by identifying affinities among customers' choices of products and services
Metadata
Details about data
Physical view
The physical storage of information on a storage device
Primary key
A field (or a group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given record in a table
Query-by example (QBE)
Helps users graphically design the answer to a question against a database
Real-time information
Immediate, up-to-date information
Real-time system
Provides real-time information in response to requests
Record
A collection of related data elements
Relational database management system
Allows users to create, red, update, and delete data in a relational database
Relational database model
Stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables
Relational integrity constraint
Rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints
Statistical analysis
Performs such functions as information correlations, distributions, calculations, and variance analysis
Structured data
Data already in a database or a spreadsheet
Structured query language (SQL)
Users write lines of code to answer questions against a database
Text mining
Analyzed unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and sentences
Time- series information
Time-stamped information collected at a particular frequency
Unstructured data
Data that do not exist in a fixed location and can include text documents, PDFs, voice messages, emails, etc.
Web mining
Analyzes unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer behavior and website navigation
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