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APES Pest Management

Terms in this set (20)

What do we use to help control pest organisms?
Pesticides
What are 3 reasons, other that to protect crops, that people use chemicals produced by plants?
-Repel or kill insects in an area
-Save money
-Reduce potential health hazards
What is the difference between a broad-spectrum pesticide and a narrow-spectrum pesticide?
B - kills many different pests
N - focuses on a specific pest
What are 4 benefits of conventional pesticides?
-Save human lives
-Increase food supply and lower food costs
-Work faster or better than alternatives
-Health risks are insignificant
List the 5 characteristics of the ideal pest-killing chemical
-Only targets pests
-Doesn't cause genetic resistance
-Disappears
-Would breakdown in safe materials like water
-Cost effective
(Doesn't exist)
What is a consequence of wiping out natural predators with pesticides?
Could release new pest because they were controlling the population of the pest
When genetic resistance to pesticides occur, what 3 things are usually recommended?
-More use
-Larger doses
-New chemical
Describe the "pesticide treadmill"
Pests develop a resistance to pesticides so farmers increase the use or use a new chemical. Then the pest develops a resistance to that.
Where do pesticides that miss their target pests usually end up (6 places)?
-Air
-Food
-Ground water
-Surface water
-Bottom sediments
-Non-target organisms (humans and animals)
What chemical class of pesticides has been banned in the US? Which other class of pesticides have replaces the use of the banned substance?
DDT and related persistent chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides replaced by nonresistant organophosphate pesticides
Describe FIFRA
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticed Act: requires registration of all pesticides with ERA and states what must be on the labels
What is the primary goal of spraying with conventional pesticides?
Eradicate pests in the area affected
What should be the primary goal of any pest control strategy?
Reduce crop damage to an economically tolerable level
What is the economic threshold?
The point where economic losses caused by pest damage outweigh the coast of applying pesticide
List 4 cultivation practices that can be used to help reduce pest damage
-Crop rotation
-Growing in areas where major pests don't exist
-Using vacuum machines to gently remove harmful bugs
-Planting trap crops to lure pests away from main crop
What is biological pest control?
Predators, parasites, and pathogens can be introduced or imported to regulate pest populations
What is the microbe used by organic farmers to control pests?
BT toxic
Males of some insect species are sterilized as a form of pest control. Why are males sterilized instead of females?
Males mate several times while females only mate once
What is integrated Pest Management (IPM)?
Limited use of pesticides combined with other methods to control populations
What is a pheromone? How can they be used to help control pests?
A bug sex attractant; lures pests into traps pr attracts their predators
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