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Respiratory System #2 (pg 1 - 5) - [7.6.17]
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Terms in this set (32)
What is the first part of the respiratory system where the air enters our body?
Nasal cavity
The openings of your nasal cavity are called what?
External nares
(aka nostrils)
This is the opening through which the air is entering
The nasal cavity is divided into two parts - what are they?
The right nasal cavity and the left nasal cavity
What are the right and left nasal cavity divided by?
Nasal septum
The lateral wall of the nasal cavity is made up of a ______ and _______ portion
top and bottom portion
The top portion of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity is made up of ________
bone
The bottom portion of the nasal cavity is made up of _______
cartilage
(you can feel the difference)
Which bones make up the top portion of the lateral wall?
Right and left nasal bones
The area where the two lateral walls meet in the middle is called what?
The bridge of the nose
The bony part of the lateral wall and the cartilage part are both covered by _______
skin
The skin covering the lateral wall falls inside your nasal cavity and becomes the lining of the nasal cavity.
This inner portion where the skin folds in is called the _______ _______
nasal vestibule
When you go above the nasal vestibule - you see three bony projections protruding into the nasal cavity from the lateral wall on either side.
What are these called?
Superior conchae
Middle conchae
Inferior conchae
How many nasal conchae are there in total?
6 in total
3 protuding from each lateral wall
The superior and middle conchae are not considered separate bones - they are a part of which bone?
ethmoid bone
The inferior conchae are _____ part of a bigger bone
Not
They are their own bones
(2 total on each side)
The nasal septum is made up of which bones?
The top portion of the nasal septum is part of the ethmoid bone (aka
perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
) [red in picture]
The bottom portion of the nasal septum is part of the
vomer bone
[blue in picture]
The entire inner part of your nasal cavity is lined by what?
mucous membranes
Any hollow tube in our body that's open to the outside is lined with what?
mucous membranes
We can substitute mucous membrane for what?
epithelium
Therefore the nasal cavity is lined with what?
(multiple ways to say this)
mucous membrane
nasal epithelium
mucosa of the nose
Is air in direct contact with the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity?
Yes
The mucous membrane does _______ start at the tip where the nasal cavity begins
Where does it begin?
not
the first part of the nasal cavity is covered by skin (nasal vestibule)
Above the nasal vestibule, this is where the mucous membrane begins
Where do you find hair follicles and cells?
They are arising from the skin
Hair is only arisng from the nasal vestibule region
NOT in the mucous membrane
Hair can grow out of the nasal cavity from the vestibule
Are hair follicles present in the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity?
No - only in the nasal vestibule (prior to the mucous membrane)
What is the protective function of the hair follicles in the nasal cavity?
The nostril hair protects the nasal cavity from allowing dust and particles to enter
What type of epithelial cells are present in the
mucous membrane
of the nasal cavity?
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium
How to describe Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium?
It's falsely appearing to be stratified (multiple layers)
They appear to be stratified since each cell is of a different size
However, it is really just a
single
layer - not multiple layers
The cells are column shaped with cilia at the top
What is the protective function of the cilia of this epithelium (PCCE)?
The cilia of the epithelium are beating
downward
to keep the surface of the nasal cavity clean and prevent any dust, debris, allergens or viruses from going deeper into the nasal cavity
In between the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, you have what type of cells present?
What is the function of these cells?
Goblet cells
Their function is to secrete mucous into the nasal cavity
What is the protective function of Goblet Cells?
Anything that enters the nasal cavity gets stick in the mucous (such as dirt or debris)
A booger is mucous + dirt and debris staht was trapped by the mucous
When air enters the nasal cavity - it's being subjected to turbulence because of the presence of which structure in the nasal cavity?
conchae
The conchae are forcing the inhaled air to swirl around in the nasal cavity for a longer time before going deeper into the cavity.
Why is it beneficial for the inhaled air to stay in the nasal cavity for an extended period of time?
(instead of just flowing right through it)
The longer the air stayes in the nasal cavity -- the warmer and moister it will become
This gives the cilia more time to clease it before sending it into the next part of your respiratory system
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