Fundamentals of Respiratory Therapy Chapter 5

Term
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advance directive
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Terms in this set (32)
advance directive
document in which an individual specifies what medical care he or she desires to receive in the future, should he or she no longer be able to make decisions about medical treatment
assault
any conduct that creates a reasonable apprehension of being touched in an injurious manner
autonomy
quality of having the ability of tendency to function independently
axiology
the study of values
battery
an unconsented touching of an individual that causes injury
beneficence
principle that requires that health providers go beyond doing no harm and actively contribute to the health and well-being of their patients
benevolent deception
actions in which the truth is withheld from the patient for his or her own good
breach of contract
failure, without legal excuse, to carry out the terms of a legal agreement
compensatory justice
calls for the recovery of damages that were a result of the action of others
confidentiality
nondisclosure of certain information except to another authorized person
consequentialismidea of judging an act to be rightdefendantperson denying against whom relief or recovery is sought in an action or suitdistributive justicerefers to proper allotment of the benefits and burdens in a societydouble effectthe understanding that many good actions have both a good and bad effectformalismethical viewpoint that relies on rules and principlesinformed consentpermission granted in the knowledge of the possible consequencesintuitionisman ethical viewpoint that holds that there are certain self-evident truths, usually based on moral maximsjusticeprinciple of fair and equal treatment for all, with due reward and honorlibelfalse accusation written, printed, or typewritten or presented in a picture or a sign that is made with malicious intent to defame the reputation of a person who is living or the memory of a person who is dead, resulting in public embarrassment, contempt, ridicule, or hatredliving willadvance declaration by a patient that indicates agreement between a patient and physician to withhold heroic measures if the patient's condition is found to be irreversiblemalpracticeprofessional negligence that is the proximate cause of injury or harm to a patient, resulting from a lack of professional knowledge, experience, or skill that can be expected in others in the profession or from a failure to perform reasonable care or judgment in the application of professional knowledge, experience, or skillnegligenceomission to do something that a reasonable person, guided by ordinary considerations, would dononmaleficenceprinciple that obligates health care providers to avoid harming patients and actively prevent harm where possibleplantiffperson who brings an action; person who seeks remedial relief for an injury to his or her rightsres ipsa loquitur"the thing speaks for itself"; rule of evidence whereby negligence of an alleged wrongdoer may be inferred from the fact that the accident happenedrespondeat superior"let the master answer"; the master is liable in certain cases for the wrongful acts of his servantrule utilitarianismmoral reasoning approach based not on which act has the greatest utility but on which rule would promote the greatest good if it were generally followedslanderany words spoken with malice that are untrue and prejudicial to the reputation, professional practice, commercial trade, office, or business of another personstrict liabilitytheory in tort law that can be used to impose liability without fault, even in situations where injury occurs under conditions of reasonable caretortlegal wrong committed on a person or property independent of contractveracityprinciple that binds the health provider and the patient to tell the truth, creating an environment of trust and mutual sharing of informationvirtue ethicsviewpoint that asks what a virtuous person would do in a similar circumstance