AttitudeA positive or negative evaluation of person,objects,or issuesCognitive Dissonance TheoryInconsistencies between attitudes and behavior that lead to a state of dissonance or emotional discomfortAttractionFeelings of liking others as well as having positive thoughts about them and inclinations to act positively towards themDeterminants of AttractionsSimilarities
Physical Attractiveness
Proximity
ReciprocityProsocial behaviorBehavior that is beneficial to othersBystander effectHelping a stranger in distressConformityThe tendency to adjust one's behavior to actual or perceived social pressuresObedienceCompliance with command orders issued by others usually person in a position of authorityLegitimization of authorityThe tendency to grand legitimacy to the orders or commands of persons in authoritySocial validationThe tendency to use other people's behavior as a standard for judging the appropriateness of one's own behaviorGroup thinkThe tendency of members of a decision - making group to be more focused on reaching a consensus than on critically examining the issues at handComplianceThe process of giving into the request or demands of others.Wilhelm WundtFather of psychologyPsychologyThe scientific study of behavior and mental processes .Overt behaviorsBehaviors that are observableCovert behaviorsPrivate, internal activitypsychology goalsDescription
Understanding
Prediction
ControlDescriptionA detailed record of behavioral observationsUnderstandingExplained the event stating the cause of the behaviorPredictionForecasting behaviors accuratelyControlAltering conditions that influence behavior in predictable waysStructuralismLooks at mental behavior as blocks "one thing"Gestalt psychologyStudy thinking,learning,and perception in whole units not in partsFunctionalismHow the mind functions to adapt to our environmentBehaviorismStudy of overt, observable behaviorRadical behaviorismMust understand the environments response to an organism both before and after the event "overt plus response."Cognitive BehaviorismCombines cognitive thinking and conditioning to explain behavior "overt plus respond plus" what is expected in the futurePschoanalytic PsychologySigmund FreudRepressed thoughtsUnconscious thoughts that are threatening therefore held of awareness sometimes revealed by dreams emotions or slips of the tongueHumanistic PsychologyStudies human experiences, stresses free will and voluntary choices.Scientific methodA method of inquiry involving careful observation and use of experimental methodsHypothesisA precise prediction about the outcomes of an experimentLow ball techniqueObtaining a persons initial agreement before revealing unfavorable informationBait and switchMaking an unrealistic attractive offer and then replacing it with a less attractive offerFoot in the doorSecuring compliance with a smaller request as a preload to a larger requestDoor in the faceRefusal of a large unreasonable request is followed by a smaller more reasonable request
