ACT Prep (English)

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By re-creating snowflake formation, a discovery has revealed to scientists Kenneth Libbrecht and Hannah Arnold the cause of this apparent variation.

F. No change
G. the discovery of the cause of this apparent variation has been made by scientists Kenneth Libbrecht and Hannah Arnold
H. scientists Kenneth Libbrecht and Hannah Arnold have discovered the cause of this apparent variation.
J. the cause of this apparent variation has been discovered by scientists Kenneth Libbrecht and Hannah Arnold

Snowflakes begin to form when water in the atmosphere freezes it causes the water molecules to bond into a hexagonal shape.

A. No change
B. freezes, causing
C. freezes, it causes
D. freezes, this causes

During the flake's descent from Earth's upper atmosphere, other water vapor molecules bumps into the hexagonal structure.

F. No change
G. has bumped
H. bumped
J. bump

Bypassing the liquid water phase, those molecules condense directly onto the established hexagonal pattern. As a result, the flake grows outward into bigger and more complex hexagonal arrangements surrounding the original hexagonal shape at the center of the flake.

If the writer were to delete the portion (adjusting the capitalization as needed), the sentence could primarily lose:

A. an explanation of the process water molecules undergo to change from liquid to vapor to solid.
B. a detail that mentions a step some water molecules skip in changing from vapor to solid.
C. a visual description of what water vapor molecules look like.
D. an explanation of how molecules react to various air temperatures.

In 2009, Libbrecht and Arnold's experiments revealed that triangular snowflakes begin with the same process of chemical bonding and forms a hexagonal shape.

F. No change
G. were they to form
H. if they formed
J. form

The triangular shape is an illusion resulting from one significant addition to the process dust.

A. No change
B. process is
C. process:
D. process;

J and B

Triangular snowflakes begin to form when a tiny dust particle or other such impurity collides with the flake as it falls, thereby pushing one edge upward. The greater the pressure from the wind, causes bonds to form quick at this edge than in the rest of the snowflake.

F. No change
G. pressure from the wind, which
H. the pressure, as the wind
J. pressure from the wind

A. No change
B. more quickly
C. most quickly
D. quickest

The resulting snowflake has three long sides and three sides that are so short they are difficult to detect. Although these snowflakes appear to have a triangular shape--they actually have a hexagonal pattern.

F. No change
G. shape,
H. shape;
J. shape:

Such snowflakes offer evidence that even when impurities interfere, the basic laws of chemistry still apply.

Which choice most effectively concludes the sentence and the essay?

A. No change
B. scientists can be certain that a solution to even the most confusing event will be found
C. snowflakes will still fall if atmospheric conditions are favorable.
D. snowflakes come in many different shapes and sizes.

Bundled up in wool sweaters and thick coats, and we watched the sun setting on Mt. Fuji in Japan.

F. No change
G. coats while watching
H. coats, we watched
J. coats watching

It was August and our clothes were stifling, but we would have needed the warmth from our bodies sealed around us as we hiked into the high altitudes.

A. No change
B. would need
C. will need
D. need

The trail gradually changed from compact dirt to a jumble of volcanic rocks. We tried to steady ourselves with our walking sticks but slipped and stumbled because of the jumbled rocks we were slipping on.

F. No change
G. even though we used our walking sticks.
H. despite any efforts to remain steady.
J. with each step.

ACT Prep (English)

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