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NERVOUS SYSTEM & ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
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Nervous System
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The electrochemical communication system of the body
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Terms in this set (34)
Nervous System
The electrochemical communication system of the body
Neurons
The building blocks of the nervous system
Neuron
A nerve cell
Dendrite
The branching extensions of a neuron that receive information and conduct impulses toward the cell body (soma)
Soma
The cell body of a neuron, which contains the nucleus and other parts that keep the cell healthy
Axon
The extension of a neuron through which neural impulses are sent
Myelin Sheath
protects the axon and influences the speed of the neural impulse
Axon Terminals
The endpoint of a neuron where neurotransmitters are stored
Action Potential
a brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron
Refractory Period
The "recharging phase" during which a a neuron, after firing, cannot generate another action potential
Resting Potential
The state of a neuron when it is at rest and capable of generating an action potential
All-or-None Principle
The principle stating that if a neuron fires, then it always fires at the same intensity
Synapse
The tiny, fluid-filled gap between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite of another
Neurotransmitters
A chemical messenger that travels across the synapse from one neuron to the next and influences whether a neuron will generate an action potential
Excitatory Effect
A neurotransmitter effect that makes it more likely that the receiving neuron will generate an action potential or "fire"